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If you start segregating the gases, there are fewer possible configurations that because you're forcing a particular set of circumstances.
如果你开始分离这些气体，整个系统所具有的可能的状态就会变少,你强加了一个特定的条件。
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And here, I'm going to suggest we've seen numbers, we've seen strings, and I'm going to add Booleans here as well.
我要提醒下大家我们学习过数字数据了,学习过字符串了，今天还要学习布尔类型，这是当我们谈到条件的时候。
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So iron left to own devices in the atmosphere in the presence of a little bit of water, with the water form iron oxide.
铁在大气中，在存在,少量水的条件下，大气会开始与水结合产生氧化铁。
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So, the idea here is, repeated pairings of the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus will give rise to the response.
这里的意思是说，无条件刺激与条件刺激的反复匹配,会引起条件反应。
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We think we understand when we see the past from a historical standpoint, i.e., place ourselves in the historical situation and seek to reconstruct the historical horizon.
当我们从历史的角度看待过去，我们以为自己理解，也就是说，把自己放在历史的条件下,重新构建历史的视角。
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And they're higher than perfect competition, which of course, has zero profits in this case.
并且它比完全竞争条件下的利润高,这也是必然的,因为完全竞争下的利润为零
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But the crucial point for this view is that the proper metaphysical understanding of the mind is to think of it in nonphysical terms, nonmaterial terms.
但是这个观点的关键之处在于,从哲学角度对心灵的恰当理解,必须是在非物理的条件下去思考的,非物质的条件
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But it is conditional for you, just as it was for them.
但对你是有条件的，就像对迦南人也是一样的。
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If every time I get the same acceleration, I'm convinced this is a reliable spring that is somehow producing the same force under the same condition.
如果每次都能得到相同的加速度,这个弹簧的可靠性就能令人信服,即它在相同的条件下能够产生相等的力
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The institutions and the ideas therefore, that provide for freedom and improvement in the material conditions of life, cannot take root and flourish without an understanding of how they came about and what challenges they have had to surmount.
故此,这些机制和理念,为物质生活条件的自由和改善,提供了基础,但在不知道其根源且,无法预料的挑战之前,机制和理念是不可能扎根的
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It doesn't work so easily to share with those people along the lines that these communities--I think these communes tend to emphasize a social compact, a feeling for each other, a caring for each other, which is a lovely thought but it doesn't achieve risk management on a big scale.
但要实现跟满足这些条件的人分摊风险,绝非易事,这些共同体。。。我指这些公社,倾向于强调一种社会凝聚力，一种人与人的深情和关怀，这个想法听上去很美,但无法实现大规模有成效的风险管理。
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That tells us the direction of spontaneous change for ordinary processes, chemical processes, mixing and you name it, under conditions that are easy to achieve in the lab.
这个物理量告诉我们在实验室,能够实现的条件下通常的过程，化学过程，混合以及你所能想到的过程，自发进行的方向。
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It's looking at the end test. It's looking at the kinds of conditions you're going to put in.
写代码的方法了，也就是通过讨论终结测试,通过讨论放入的条件。
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Now, you know with constant volume, H now it's not going to be delta H that's U straightforward to measure, it's going to be dealt u, all right.
好，现在你们知道在体积恒定的条件下，我们得到的不是Δ,我们直接测量到的是Δ,好，但这基本上也是一样的。
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And again there, too, you saw an experimental result you were presented with that says, well at least to the extent that it could be measured, it was obviously getting very small.
再一次，你看到了一个,你经知道的实结果，至少在实验测量的范围内，对理想气体条件下的气体这一项很小。
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And the motivation for choosing a pair like that is easy to see, if we look at our condition for spontaneous change or general condition.
我们这样选择的动机,很明显，如果考察我们所考虑的自发变化的条件,或者更一般的条件。
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So I just want to use that again and again, starting from that, for various different sorts of conditions andderive the criterion for equilibrium in each set of conditions.
所以我将会一遍又一遍地使用这个公式，从这个公式出发，在各种条件了,推导出,任意条件下的平衡条件。
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And now we want to find the subset of a that has the maximum value, subject to the weight constraint.
会有一个值与其对应,现在我们想要找出满足，重量约束条件的a的最大值子集。
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STUDENT: Just a quick question on some of the constraints, like isothermal, isobaric, isovolumetric expansion.
学生：我有个关于,等温，等压，等容等约束条件的小问题。
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So he's packing and unpacking, packing and unpacking, trying all possible combinations of objects that will obey the constraint. And then choosing the winner. Well, this is like an algorithm we've seen before. It's not greedy.
因此它不断装包和清包,尝试了所有满足约束条件的物品组合,最后选择最优者,这很像我们以前看过的一个算法,这不是贪婪算法。
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And we'll be able to determine equilibrium under those conditions.
我们能够,这些条件下的平衡。
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It predicts that the best timing is when the conditioned stimulus, which is the signal, comes before the unconditioned stimulus, which is what you have to prepare for.
它预测，最佳的时机,莫过于作为信号的条件刺激，出现在需要你做准备的，非条件刺激之前。
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Everybody who dies awake,realizing that they're dying, facing the fact that they're dying, they all,we all of whom that's true, we all die alone,as long as we realize we're dying.
每个人在清醒着，意识到自己死亡的情况下，面对自己死亡这个事实，我们所有人，在意识到自己死亡的条件下，都是孤独的死去。
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They learn to run a maze faster and faster when they're regularly rewarded but they also learn to run a maze faster and faster if they are not rewarded at all.
在不断得到奖励的条件下,白鼠跑出迷津的速度越来越快,但在完全不予奖励的条件下,白鼠依然能越来越快的跑出迷津。
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This one's going to be on the problem set.
这个条件的分析是第一个习题集的内容
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Well, how about all the points in between?
两点之间还存在满足条件的点吗
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These strategies I'm about to delete, it isn't that they're never best responses, they were best responses to things, but the things they were best responses to, are things that are never going to be played, so they're irrelevant.
我现在剔除掉的策略,他们并非不是最佳对策,他们是某些情况下的最佳对策,但是使他们成为最佳对策的条件,是不会发生的,所以它们就不成立
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We want to have that definition clear because in fact we're going to, we might want tabulate heats of reaction, right, and of course want to know what the conditions are for the tabulated values apply. And we're going to want to calculate them from other quantities and again, we're going to need to know each case what are the relevant conditions?
我们想要明确这个定义,因为实际上我们会想把,反应热制成表格，当然我们会,想知道表中的数据在什么样的,条件下是有效的，我们会,想要从其他的量中算出它们,再一次，我们需要知道,每种情形下相关的条件是什么？
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We know there is no thing called a massless rope, but most ropes have a mass, but maybe negligible compared to the two blocks you are pulling, so we'll take the idealized limit where the mass of the rope is 0.
我们都知道无质量的绳子是不存在的,是绳子就有质量,但是相比于这两个物体就可以忽略不计了,所以我们有了这个理想的条件,即绳子的质量都是 0
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So，the point is,every object falling under gravity is given by the same formula, but there are many, many objects that can have many histories, all falling under gravity, and what's different from one object and the other object is, when was it dropped, from what height, and with what initial speed.
关键是,每一个受重力作用下落的物体,都有同样的表达式,但是各个受重力作用下落的物体,都有不同的初始条件,所以它们的区别在于,下落时刻,下落高度和初始速度
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