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Yet Aristotle's conception of our political nature seems to require standards of justice that are natural or right for us.
但亚里士多德对我们政治天性的概念,似乎需要正义的标准,且那对我们是自然或正确的法治预设。
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Everyone is an enforcer or what Locke calls " "the executor"of the state of nature and he means executor literally.
每个人都是执行者，或洛克说的,自然法的“执刑者,这个“执刑者“可以字面上理解。
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Now, language is not the only thing in culture or nature that has this sort of combinatorial system.
语言并不是在文化或自然中,唯一拥有这种组合系统的事物
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And so it seemed a natural move for early Christian writers to use this existing pastoral form when they wanted to speak on subject of priests or ministers or affairs of the church.
于是用现存的田园诗来谈论,关于牧师或教堂事务的话题,成了早期基督派作家非常自然的转变。
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But he says, "Others believe that the distinction between master and slave is not natural, " but is based on force or coercion."
但他还说：，“有些人却不认为,介于主奴间的区别是自然的，而是基于武力或威吓的缘故“
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It's pretty clear that there are lots of machines that it doesn't seem natural to ascribe beliefs or desires or goals or reasoning to.
很显然对于很多种机器来说,讨论它们的信仰,欲望,目标或论证,是一件很不自然的事
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But the other reason to go through the thermodynamic cycles and really to develop great facility with them is because there are just an awful lot of things in nature and things that we build that run in cycles, where we want to calculate the thermodynamics, right.
但是要推导热力学,循环并为之发展一套,完善方法的另外一个原因是,自然界中或人造的那些,我们想计算它们的热力学的东西,有很多是以循环的方式运作的。
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And isn't that clear already from their colors, the material that they're made of Gold and silver, these colors marked them as fashioned, precious objects, inorganic, and in all these ways beyond time and nature, growth or decay.
从它们的颜色上很容易知道，制作它们的材料,金银说明它们是,特制的珍贵的物件，非自然生长的，这些都是超越时间自然,不会生长或衰亡。
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Rule of law presupposes that there is a form of justice or right natural to us.
有种正义的形式或权利,对我们而言是自然的。
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Socrates clearly believes that piety or faith is the natural condition of the citizen.
苏格拉底显然相信虔诚或信仰,是公民的自然条件。
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It's not for us to alienate them or to give them up, to give them away, to trade them away, to sell them.
就是我们不能远离，放弃，丢弃，交易，或出售自然权利。
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Hobbes believes that armed with the proper method, with the proper art, or scientific doctrine, that we might eventually become the masters and possessors of nature.
霍布斯则认为，只要具备了恰当的方法，恰当的手段或科学的思想，我们最终会变成,自然的掌控者和拥有者。
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Locke believes in certain fundamental rights constrain what government can do, and he believes that those rights are natural rights, not rights that flow from law or from government.
洛克认为有些基本权利能限制政府的行为，并认为这些权利都是自然权利，不是由法律或政府赋予的。
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But what is the Aristotelian standard of natural ? right or natural justice?
但什么是亚里士多德式的,自然权利或自然正义标准？
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Under the law of nature, I'm not free to take somebody else's life or liberty or property, nor am I free to take my own life or liberty or property.
根据自然法，我不能随意剥夺他人的生命，自由或财产，也不能随意剥夺自己的生命，自由或财产。
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It can signify battle, but Hobbes says it can also signify the will to contend, simply the desire or the will to engage in conflict, " renders something like a state of nature.
这可以表示为斗争，但霍布斯说这同样可以表示竞争的意志，仅仅就是参与冲突的欲望或愿望，这些构成了“自然状态。
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These are one might think about this these things he says are at least in part determined by certain kinds of natural or geographic and climatic qualities.
而这些，你们可能会说这些特质,如他所说，至少有一部份,是由某种自然,或地理及气候的特质所决定。
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On the third page of the Politics where he remarks that every city or every polis exists by nature, and he goes on to infer from this Zoon Politikon that man is what he calls the zoon politikon, the political animal, the polis animal.
在《政治学》第三页,他谈到,每座城市或城邦是自然发展的存在，他并进而藉此推论,人类是他所谓的，即政治动物，城邦动物。
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