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And so you get to build your own special purpose programming language that helped you solve your problems in biology or finance or whatever,
你读过的类型都可以,所以你就可以让编程语言按照你的,特殊用途去解决你的生物学,财务或者任何类型的问题，
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Both of our specific issues within a larger issue or about who said what in given conversations.
也可以用来强调一个大问题中的特定方面，或者是在特定的谈话中谁曾经说过什么。
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Does it really matter to you whether your code is going to take 300 years or 900 years to run?
或者900年区别大么？,这个数字的规模才是问题关键所在？
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In American history our reform crusades have usually had to do with one of several objects or purposes or problems.
在美国历史上我们为理想而进行的改革,通常与如下几个目的,或意图,或者问题之一有关联
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And now that we've done that as best we can, we want to turn to the ethical or value questions.
我们已经竭尽所能，现在要转到道德或者价值的问题上。
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And this is very much deliberate on our part so you just don't feel that inevitable angst when it comes to asking what you think is a dumb question and probably isn't, but you don't need to disclose your name.
这在我们的角度上来说是非常深思熟虑的,所以你们不要认为那是必然的麻烦,当问了一个你认为是愚蠢的问题,或者可能不是，但是你不必要,公开你的名字。
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For those of you who are History majors or Political Science majors, that's more of an issue.
对于主修历史或者,政治学的同学,就需要多考虑一些问题了
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I think it needs to be more important, not problematized, not post-911.
我觉得这个问题应该得到重视，并不是要将其妖魔化，或者恐怖化，像911事件后那样。
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Now, the problem is that if you invest in bonds from some state or local government, they might not pay you back; they can just go bankrupt.
现在的问题是如果你投资了,州或者地方政府发行的债券,他们可能无法支付,他们可能会破产
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If you have questions about this I hope that you've already taken advantage of the teaching fellows or come up after class, I'd be happy to try to answer your questions now if you have time as well.
如果你对这些内容有疑问,我希望你能从助教那里获得帮助,或者课后来找我,我现在非常乐意回答你的问题,如果你们正好也有空的话
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So if you haven't clicked in yet, or if you want to change your answer, keep in mind that you might need to jot down, - for example, a Lewis structure before you can answer this question.
如果你还没有点答案，或者你想改变你的答案，记住你也许需要在回答问题前写点东西，比如画一画Lewis结构,来得到最终。
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and I enjoy, like, solving proofs or, like, solving problems, but it's only one part of like, what I do, like as a person.
做证明题或者解决问题对我来说是一种享受，但这只是我生活的一部分而已。
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The problem is as simple as the fact that millions of people who are unable to move or to communicate.
问题很简单,数以百万的人们无法行动，或者与人交流。
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And so this is not like a math problem set or a physics problem set. Or, like a high school physics lab, where we all know what the answer should be, and you could fake your lab results anyway.
或是物理问题集合,又或者是高中的物理实验室，我们对这些问题都有确切的答案，或者你可以把你的实验结果改成正确的，有些事情是不能明确界定的。
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PROFESSOR 2: -- other, it could have said - who or zort or -- PROFESSOR: Yeah, sorry, that was part of the question, I could have a picked foobar could put anything in here.
教授2：另外一个对象？,这可以说是其他对象或者-,教授：对，很抱歉，这是问题的一部分，我可以写一个,可以放进任何东西的代用符。
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End up where you started. It's not quite the same as the shortest path, and figure out the way to do that that involves spending the least money. Or the least time, or something else.
最后回到最初的地方,这和最短路径问题有些不同,需要找出一条花费最少,或者费时最少或者满足其它条件的路径。
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At the end of the day this is all about equipping you with skills and knowledge and understanding with which to take a problem, take a large data set maybe and actually produce something useful-- produce a project that is of interest to you.
下午放学后,就用学到的技能，知识和理解力来,解决问题，或者处理超大数据集,或制造一些有用的东西-,例如发起一个你们感兴趣的项目。
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Now that you have the ability to ask yes or no questions, you wanna be able to branch or fork in the road based on those answers.
你现在能问一些肯定或者否定的问题，根据结果,你就能进行选择了。
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What I don't want your program to do is crash when that happens. Or run forever.
当这种问题出现时程序崩溃,或者一直运行下去。
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So Selection Sort, while it might be easier perhaps to think through than Bubble Sort, or maybe it's pretty much equivalent, it's just a different approach to the same problem.
因此，仔细想想，选择排序也许比,冒泡排序更简单，或者这两者都差不多，只是对同一问题的不同方法而已。
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Exposure to the things that participate in the forms may nudge our minds or our souls in such a way that at that point.
接触到一些有关形式的问题,使我们的思想或者灵魂,在某一点开始考虑这个问题。
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One of the inputs to the problems we're gonna be working on this semester and if you continue on in this world how much thought it takes to implement something, how much time it takes to run something, how much space it takes to run something?
我们将在本学期集中探讨这些问题,或者在课程之后你们也可以继续研究,为实现一些功能要有多少想法，在运行过程中又将花费多长时间，需要多大的空间？
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And I thought it would be useful And I thought it would be useful to have to have opportunities to work with students opportunities to work with students about the issues about the issues outside the classroom outside the classroom that might either inform or impede that might either inform or impede their development their development as scholars.
我觉得，如果有机会与学生交流,我觉得一个有用的办法,会很有益,是创造机会和学生们一起处理,与他们讨论课外的问题,课外一些可能会影响或阻碍,这些问题可能促进或者阻碍,他们作为学者的发展的问题。
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Typical characterization, not all the time, but typical characterization, is an algorithm that reduces the size of a problem by one, or by some constant amount each time, is typically an example of a linear algorithm.
我们学习过了线性算法，它的典型特征，不是通用的,但是比较典型的特征是，它是逐一减小问题的大小的，或者说是每次减小常数的大小。
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And that may generalize again and it keeps going until you either get back to Adam and Eve, I guess. I don't think they were born in the US as far as I know, or you find somebody who satisfies that definition or you find that none of your parents actually are in that category.
降低到我的父亲或者母亲,是不是天生的美国公民呢,这个问题可以继续向下分解,你甚至可以追溯到亚当和夏娃的时候,据我所知它们并不是出生在美国的,或者你要么找到一个符合定义的人,要么发现你的父母都不满足条件。
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That in many cases, I can gain efficiency if I'm willing to give up space. Having said that though, there may still be a problem, or there ought to be a problem that may be bugging you slightly, which is how do I guarantee that my hash function takes any input into exactly one spot in the storage space?
普遍存在的增益和权衡,在许多的例子中,可以通过牺牲空间而得到效率方面的增加,话说回来，仍然存在一个问题,或者应该会有一个问题困扰着你,就是我如何保证我的哈希函数能够准确将,任一输入映射到相应的唯一的存贮空间中去？
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I would be looking at this--at the debt areas Student: You mentioned about the U.S. dollar falling in value recently. What kind of foreign currency vehicles or trading would you recommend to kind of hedge a bet against a dollar assuming that it continues to fall?
我会考虑这方面的投资--债务市场方面的机会,学生：你刚才提到美元,最近贬值的问题，那么哪些品种的外汇金融工具,或者外汇交易在你看来可以用来,对冲美元贬值的风险,如果我们假设美元还会将继续贬值？
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So I propose this as a new algorithm for sorting N elements and being 8 in this case or really a thousand in the case of the phonebook, or anything of larger size.
所以我提出一种新的算法，来解决N个元素的排序问题,在这个问题中N是8，在电话簿的问题中N是一千,或者是大规模的任何问题。
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And if you come and ask a question that you could have easily answered by doing the reading, coming to lecture, or using Google, they're going to have less patience.
所以如果你过来仅仅是问一个,你能很轻松的,通过阅读、上课、或者，在谷歌上搜索就能得到答案的问题，他们会失去耐心的。
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we'll send these questions to your TA so any time you get a clicker question wrong and you're confused, bring it up in the next recitation section and you'll be able to discuss it there.
交给你们的助教，所以任何时候,如果你们,答错了课堂问题，或者对它有疑问的话,可以在下次的,讨论课上讨论。
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