And the way that we'll do this is starting with talking about the discovery of the electron and the nucleus here.
在这之后,我们就可以通过,经典力学来描述一个原子。
Suddenly, looking through the optic glass, one could see valleys, it seemed to have rivers, and there were mountains.
突然,通过厚厚的玻璃,我们可以看见,月亮上似乎有河流,高山。
But there are other ways of approaching this material, in any case, than Wimsatt.
不过的确除了阅读文萨特以外,我们还可以通过别的方法来探讨这个问题。
And we do so by a quantity called the average valence electron energy.
我们可以通过,一个叫做平均价电子能的量来解决这一问题。
The second piece of information we need to know is what actually the kinetic energy is of the ejected electron, and that's something we can just measure by measuring its velocity.
其次,我们需要知道的信息是,出射电子的动能,这可以通过,测量它们的速度得到。
It's going to let us bury away the specifics of something, and treat that computation like a black box. And by black box, I mean, literally behaves like a mysterious little black box.
通过抽象我们可以将一些细节,掩埋起来并将这一段计算当成黑盒,说到黑盒我的意思就是,字面上的像一个神秘的小黑盒。
It wants us to conceive of God as an uncontested god who through the power of his word or will creates the cosmos.
它希望我们构想一个毫无争议的上帝,他可以通过言语和意愿的力量创造宇宙。
But by doing some science fiction experiments, we can take them apart and ask ourselves, Which one do I think is me?
但通过做一些科幻实验,我们可以把它们分开,并问自己,我认为哪一个才是我?
And use a whole array of means: diplomacy, alliances letting other countries do things instead of us.
我们可以通过很多方式解决问题:,建立外交关系,建立联盟,让别的国家也参与,而并非事事亲力亲为。
Having talked just a little bit about genres, we could conclude by saying there are other kinds of genres in music of course.
通过对音乐风格进行探讨,我们可以断定,在古典乐中,还有其他风格的音乐存在
Last time, we saw already, that this is a very powerful idea, in that game last time.
通过上节课的博弈,我们可以看出,这是个非常重要的概念
Oh, there's a man at the store and now we have a loop where he is just looking through my inventory one at a time and reciting what it is I actually picked up.
商店里有一个人,现在我们有一个循环,通过这个循环他可以看到我的库存,然后显示出来我实际上都采摘了哪些水果。
And as the last link is broken, we might be able to build effectively a bypass.
鉴于最后一个链接遭到破坏,我们可以通过设置旁路有效地建立起这个链接。
And so, from the study of brain damage and the study of— we can gain some understanding of what different parts of the brain do.
通过对脑损伤的研究,我们可以了解到大脑不同区域的功能
We know our brain today can actually change through MRI studies since 1998.
自1998年后通过核磁共振研究我们知道大脑可以被改变。
So again, we can measure equation of state data.
我们可以通过测量得到状态方程的数据。
So these moments of landscape description offer up that consistently Christian-inflected theory of the universe, that sense of transcendence as structure, as something that's moving inexorably, that will take all time to complete.
通过这些景象的描述,我们可以看到一种,一直受到基督教影响的,关于宇宙的理论,这种理论以超自然的感觉为主体,就像一些不为人的意志而转移,需要我们穷其一生去完成的事。
You can produce animals that have a disease that's similar in some ways to Alzheimer's disease by taking the genes that are involved in Alzheimer's and introducing them into mice, for example.
我们可以创造,带有类似病症的实验动物,比如说通过把阿尔茨海默氏症相关基因,导入小鼠的方法
And there's a lot we can explain by talking about what we see in the periodic table in terms of what different trends are in grouping different elements in different spots within the periodic table.
我们可以解释很多,通过讨论元素,周期表中的内容,按照各种不同的规律,将周期表中不同位置的元素分组归类。
I think of data hiding as basically saying, one can only access instance values, or, we'll call them that, instance values through defined methods.
一个人仅仅可以访问实例变量,或者,我们可以这么来说,通过定义好的方法,来访问实例的变量。
We'd have to figure out a way to achieve octet stability by electron transfer.
我们需要找到一个可以通过电子转移,而实现八隅体的方式。
Each one of those electrodes allows us to measure, we plot voltage verses time, ? this signal coming from the tip of that electrode. Ok?
我们通过每个这样的电极都可以设计一种测量方法,我们设计电压比时间,这一信号源于电极的一端,对吧?
This one we concluded by talking about earlier?
通过我们刚才讨论的,我们可以推断?
We prove their existence by using our five senses.
我们可以通过我们的五感来证明它们的存在
But what I'm going to tell you already is this is a case where, in fact, it's an exception to the idea that the lowest energy structure has the lowest ionization energy in the middle, and we can figure this out when we look at formal charge.
但是我已经告诉大家这个例子,实际上,是中心原子电离能最低的结构,的能量最低这一思路的一个例外,我们可以通过形式电荷看出这一点。
And the reason we can see that by looking at this graph is that we see that nitrogen when it's bonded is in an even lower well than we saw for hydrogen.
原因可以通过观察这幅图发现,我们看到氮在成键之后将处于更低的势阱中,对氢而言。
So we've tagged each of your numbers to your actual recitation, so we can see today which recitation actually is going to be doing the best in terms of clicker questions, who's going to get the most correct today.
我们已经将你们的学号,与你们参加的习题讨论小组关联起来了,这样通过回答选择题,我们就可以来比一比,哪个小组答对的人最多。
Okay? So those are the basic note values normally with a duple division but we can superimpose triple by using a dot and the absence of sound.
清楚了吗,这些就是基本的音符值,一般是双倍形式分配,但我们可以把它添加为三倍形式的,通过加上附点当然还有休止符
And when we talked about that, what we found was that we could actually validate our predicted binding energies by looking at the emission spectra of the hydrogen atom, which is what we did as the demo, or we could think about the absorption spectra as well.
当我们讨论它时,我们发现,我们可以通过,观察氢原子,发射光谱,来预测,结合能,就像我们在演示实验里做的那样,或者我们也可以观察吸收谱。
And we think the brain activation, we can use that to predict financial choice, but beyond that, we can actually use it in some symptom profiles in mental disorders.
我们认为,我们可以通过大脑活动,来预测金融决策,但不仅如此,我们还可以用它来监测精神疾病的病情。
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