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I had not really had a conversation with a person who was out as lesbian or gay before I was in college.
在上大学以前,我从未真正地和一个,出柜的同性恋谈过话。
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I used to have a dog that I would walk in this area a lotwhen he was very young.
我以前有一只狗，它很小的时候，我会经常在这里遛狗。
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Up on the screen, I've got-- I commented it out, but I've got a piece of code that you've seen before, right up here. OK?
我现在在大屏幕上标出来的,是你们以前看过的一段代码,就在这儿？
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In contrast today, because we have antibiotics and we have vaccines, people don't die of infectious diseases as often.
相反,在现在,因为我们有了抗生素和疫苗,死于感染性疾病的人就不像以前那么多
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It isn't the Red Sea. That's a mistranslation that occurred very very early on, so it's led to the notion that they were at the Gulf of Aqaba or somewhere near the actual big ocean water.
并不是红海，这个错误的翻译很早以前就存在了,让人们以为是在亚喀巴湾,或者是接近真正意义的大洋的什么地方。
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Mammon had surfaced -- I'm testing your memories here - in the text of Areopagitica.
贪欲之神以前在--我想考考你们的记性,《论出版自由》中出现过。
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A few months ago, some former students of mine -former colleagues of mine -gave this very nice party at the Yale Club.
数月前,我以前的一些学生,还有以前的同事,在耶鲁俱乐部举办了一次精彩的派对
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So one problem is unenforceability but that might far off ago that might have been a problem.
强制性是一个问题,但那也是在很久以前的问题
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Whatever the rules were before, they're off when we get into the Peloponnesian War.
无论以前的规则是怎样的,在伯罗奔尼撒战争中都不再合时宜
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Your reaction may be that you've seen Newton's laws, you applied them in school.
你们的反应可能是,我已经见过牛顿定律了,以前在学校就学过
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That doesn't come out of what we calculated before in thermochemistry.
我们以前在化学热力学中所计算的量,无法告诉我们这些。
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I worshiped in catholic churches for many years.
我以前在天主教堂做礼拜。
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Now we worked through this just a little bit once before.
那我们比以前在深入一点
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In both cases, this becomes part of their self-identity. That's an essential part as my good friend, Linda Colley, who used to teach here and sadly is not here anymore.
在这两个国家中,这点是他们身份认同感中很重要的一部分,如同我的好朋友,琳达·科里,她以前是这里的老师,很遗憾现在不在耶鲁了
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And just as in that earlier poem the act of fishing is symbolically resonant "The Fisherman" is an image of man searching the depths of the world for the wisdom that hides beneath the surface of things.
和以前的事一样,也是有象征意味的,渔夫是一个探索世界的深邃,和隐藏在事物表面下的智慧,的一个人物形象。
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And this was the reason that, long ago, In this kingdom by the sea, A wind blew out of a cloud by night Annabel Lee chilling my Annabel Lee; So that her highborn kinsman came And bore her away from me, To shut her up in a sepulchre In this kingdom by the sea.
这就是原因，很久以前，在海边的王国，夜里一阵冷风从云中吹落,冻僵了我的;,于是她高贵的亲戚到来了,把她从我身边带走，将她关进一座坟墓,在大海边的王国里。
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There has been study after study showing that people in the military who were otherwise, for instance, racists after working with people of different races liked them more because you had all of the right ingredients.
不断地有研究表明,在军队里，以前是种族主义者的人,和不同种族的人合作后，会更喜欢他们,因为军队里都包含了这些促成因素。
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Okay. So that's the basic distinction and, as I say, as far as I can see it's irreconcilable so it leaves us with a choice that really does have to be made, and it's a choice which looms over a course in literary theory and coming to understand the tradition of literary theory.
这就是二者基本的不同之处，我以前说过，只要二者不能兼容,我们就不得不从中选择一个，这个选择将会一直出现在文学理论课,和理解文学理论传统的过程中。
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What he found 20 years later, early 90s when this study ended was these students were extremely successful, Or ex-students were extremely successful, students were extremely successful, very wealthy, having a lot of impact, whether it's on the organizations, on the community.
0年后，90年代初当这个研究结束时，他发现这些学生都极其成功，以前的学生都极其成功，学生们都极其成功，非常有钱，有很大的影响力，不论是在组织上，还是社会上。
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The distance to food has changed a lot because food has to come in from far greater distances than used to be the case, and that's changed our relationship with food a lot, into a distant rather than a close relationship.
现在人和食物之间的距离发生了很大改变,现在的食物来自比以前远得多的地方,这在很大程度上,我们和食物间的关系,被渐渐地拉远了
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So it's really neat to think that your counterparts 100 years ago right here at MIT could have been sitting in a class where they had Lewis as their lecturer, and he's putting forth these ideas -- these are actually his lecture notes, even though it wasn't even published yet, and giving this idea of Lewis structure, which is exactly what we keep using today in order to make a lot of these predictions.
因此会有很棒的感觉，当想一想一百年以前像你们一样,在这上学的同学可能正坐在教室里,听路易斯讲课，而他正在提出这些想法-,-而这些正是他的课堂讲义，尽管当时还没有发表，但已经给出了路易斯结构的思想，这正是我们直到今天都一直在用的,用它来做很多预测。
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And I'm very interested in what happened in the French suburbs two years ago; in fact, I wrote an instant article on it for an encyclopedia because some of the work I'd earlier done was about why French suburbs and European suburbs are different than American suburbs.
我对两年前,在法国郊区的事很感兴趣,其实我当时就给一个百科全书,写了一篇文章,因为我以前研究过,为什么法国和欧洲的郊区,与美国郊区有这么大的差别
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because I went to a school that had only maybe five or six other Asian people besides me,
因为在我以前上的一个学校里，除了我之外，仅有五六个亚洲人，
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And Rutherford, who I have already described to you as being a little bit colorful in his language, backed up Bohr on this.
而卢瑟福，就是以前我跟你们提过的那个,语言丰富生动的人，在这一点上证实了波尔的理论。
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So the end result, because someone wrote this function years ago is that printf takes this thing, takes this thing, David plops David inside the middle of that formatted string and then renders the whole result.
基于这是某人多年以前写的程序,最终的结果是打印出这个，这个，在格式化字符串中间的,然后返回结果。
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How many of you have heard the term used before? How may have you heard the term used before in terms of programming languages? Great. For the rest you, don't sweat it. This is a highfalutin term that computer scientists use to try and make them look like they're smarter than they really are.
这里就要引入递归的概念了,你们中有多少人以前听过这个词？,你们中有多少人在编程语言中,用过这个词？,很好，剩下的同学也不要担心,这是电脑科学家们用来让自己,显得更聪明的夸张词汇。
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Now the added sugar before, does anybody remember from the Eaton article how ancient humans added sugar to things?
在糖类出现以前,有谁还记得伊顿的一篇文章是谈论,祖先是如何在食品中添加糖类
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This was known for a long time, but it took Mr. Einstein to figure out why nature is behaving in that fashion.
这一点在很早以前就人所共知了,不过是爱因斯坦先生解释了,大自然为什么以这种模式运行
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But there was an exhibit of jellyfish, I know at least until last year, at the Boston Museum of Science, and all of you guys can get in there free.
但那以前有水母的展示，我知道至少去年有，在波士顿科学博物馆，你们都可以免费去看。
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His view is man was happy and good before the invention of society, which society corrupts man and takes away from him his happiness.
他认为在社会形成以前,人类是幸福快乐的,社会使人类堕落并剥夺了人们的幸福
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