Often that signal gets amplified so it can be used, same thing happens inside cells and there's some output that's generated.

通常这些信号要放大后才会产生作用,诱发细胞内发生一些变化,并产生某种输出信号

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

If I can run the gel for some period of time, run the electrical field, spread it out.

我将凝胶通电一段时间后,在电场作用下,就会分散开来

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Raise the temperature, and now entropy plays a bigger role.

升高温度后,熵就开始起作用了。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Diffusion mixes things very well, but as the size gets bigger, diffusion becomes very slow.

扩散作用使物质充分混合,但随着细胞变大后,扩散作用就捉襟见肘了

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

There are 100 of these molecules, when a receptor gets activated a kinase activity gets activated, the kinase acts on the protein, the protein gets switched on, something new starts to happen inside the cell.

有一百个这样的分子,当受体被激活,激酶被激活后,激酶作用于蛋白,使蛋白活化,细胞中就会发生一些新变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选