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So either a potassium cyanide or sodium cyanide, these are used in synthesis in terms of making carbon-carbon bonds.
因此无论是氰化钾还是氰化钠，都被用来在合成过程中,制造碳碳键。
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Other than just in poisons and in organic synthesis shells, you might also find them in some things we're more familiar with, such as almonds.
除了在毒药以及有机合成的容器中，你可能还会在我们更熟悉的,东西中找到它们，比如杏仁。
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Sometimes receptors, when they interact with ligands, create changes in what proteins are actually being produced by the cell.
有时受体与配体结合后,带来的变化实际是,决定细胞开始合成何种蛋白质
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And syntax refers to those rules and principles that allow us to combine words into phrases and phrases into sentences.
语法是指使我们将词组合成短语,以及将短语组合成句子的规则和原则
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If you've ever worked with a synthesizer: I think, is very simple terms here, what an electronic synthesizer does is play with these.
如果你们使用过合成器,这个词大家都明白意思吧,电子合成器就是用来处理这些分音的
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After all, if we have premises 1, 2 and 3, Only composite things can be destroyed.
毕竟如果我们有了1，2，3，这些前提，只有合成的东西能毁灭。
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And subsequently germanium tetrachloride 88 was synthesized and measured to be 1.88.
随后，四氯化锗被合成出来了,密度测量出是1。
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These are things that must be taken in from the environment because your body cannot manufacture them and they promote specific chemical reactions in the body.
这些都是必须从外界摄取的物质,因为无法通过自身合成,它们能促进体内特定的化学反应
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It leads to expression of new genes, production of new proteins, and a change in a behavior of the cell.
这导致新基因表达,新蛋白合成,细胞行为发生改变
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You got to be the kind of things that can change in order to be composite.
要想成为合成的东西,必须首先可以改变。
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One of them has the right sequence of codons to specify the amino acid sequence of the protein, and the other one has a complimentary sequence.
该段带有正确的密码子序列,能够指导氨基酸序列合成蛋白质,另一段则是它的互补序列
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But in terms of drugs that don't look like maybe this compound was used in the synthesis, many of them might have used thionyl chloride, because it generates such a nice reactive intermediate that you can go on and make a bunch of different compounds from that intermediate.
但是对于药物来说,它们可能跟合成过程中用到的这种化合物并不相像，很多药物的制造过程中都会用到亚硫酰氯，因为它能产生活性如此之高的反应中间体,以至于你可以继续利用反应中间体,来制造一堆不同类型的化合物。
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So, for example, Wellbutrin, it is very unlikely that it would have thionyl chloride in order to make it, and if thionyl chloride was used at some point in the synthesis, it was not to put that chlorine atom on, it was to put something else on.
比如，安非他酮，用亚硫酰氯来制造它,是不太可能的，而就算在合成过程中的某一阶段用到了亚硫酰氯，它也不会把氯原子加进去，而是把其它东西加进去。
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To make insulin, for example, your cells of your pancreas have to be transcribing that gene, it has to be processed, has to be translated into the protein insulin.
举例来说,如果要合成胰岛素,你的胰腺细胞必须先转录那一段基因,然后进行加工,继而翻译成为胰岛素蛋白
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They're synthesized, they're packaged into vesicles, and then they're just waiting.
神经递质不断合成 包装进小泡中,时刻准备着
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They do that because they can control the expression of genes.
它们能正确地合成蛋白,是因为它们可以调控基因的表达
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You got be be composite in order to be destroyed.
要想毁灭必须是合成的东西。
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Elements beyond uranium, these are synthetic.
铀元素之后的元素，是人工合成的。
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Premise Number 1 Only composite things can be destroyed.
前提1,只有合成的东西才会毁灭。
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In fact, people do consume foods with cholesterol, but most of the cholesterol in the body is synthesized from foods that don't have cholesterol itself but have fat that the body turns into cholesterol.
实际上,尽管人们食用含胆固醇的食物,但人体内大多的胆固醇都是由,本身不含胆固醇的食物的脂肪,转化合成而来的
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So you made somehow an anti-sense polynucleotide to the insulin gene or some fraction of the insulin gene.
这样你就合成了,胰岛素基因的反义多聚核苷酸链,或者说胰岛素基因的片段
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All those things have to happen in an orderly fashion, in enough quantity in order for a particular cell to make a protein.
所有的步骤必须按部就班,保质保量地进行,让一个特定的细胞合成特定的蛋白质
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Now I gave you the example of insulin and you probably wouldn't want to stop insulin production.
现在我以胰岛素为例,你们恐怕不会希望胰岛素合成被终止
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And then I don't have to produce the whole virus in order to make a vaccine.
那么无需合成完整的病毒,就能制造疫苗
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Say we've got a human gene that we want to make and let's say it's the human gene for insulin that we want to produce now.
假设我们想合成出一个人类的基因,假设现在我们想合成的,是人类的胰岛素基因
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You load them into the top of a gel and a gel is - in this case it's synthetic polymer gel but it looks very much like Jell-O.
你把它安置在一段凝胶上,凝胶是--,这种合成凝胶聚合物看上去很像吉露果冻
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I would guess that probably 30% to 50% of you do this everyday, you put a piece of plastic, a synthetic piece of plastic into your eye to improve your vision.
我猜你们有百分之三十到百分之五十的人,每天会做这样的事,将一小片塑料,合成塑料放到眼睛里,来提高自己的视力
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What's a tip off to something being composite?
怎么能确定什么东西是合成的呢？
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I'll use that one as the example because it's a familiar one to most people and you know that the protein insulin is made only in your pancreas and certain cells of the pancreas.
我把它作为例子,是因为大多数人都很熟悉它,胰岛素只在胰腺中进行合成,某些胰腺细胞能够合成胰岛素
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If somehow you could take your anti-sense molecules that you've made and you could get them into cells, then by this process of hybridization they would naturally form a pair like this.
如果你能得到合成的反义链,并能使它进入细胞,那么通过杂交,它们就能自然形成这样的一对
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