So in our first structure, we would find for the nitrogen we have a formal charge 5 minus 4 minus 2, because we're starting with 5 valence electrons, so that is a formal charge of minus 1.

那么在我们的第一个结构中，我们发现氮的形式电荷量是五减去四4,再减去二，因为我们开始有五个价电子，因此它的形式电荷量是负一。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

I've found some people really have to come to the first and second row because they claim that if they don't hear me they cannot really go to sleep.

我发现有些人必须得在第一,二排睡觉,因为他们说如果听不到我的声音,他们就无法入睡

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

So, they had the ratio of two to one, which gave them the octave, and three to two, which gave them the fifth, and four to three, which gave them the fourth.

他们发现,八度音程中,呈现的是二比一的比例,而五度音程中呈现三比二的比例,在四度音程中则呈现四比三的比例

耶鲁公开课 - 聆听音乐课程节选

It's a little bit of a digression, but one of the things that I've witnessed over the past twenty years is that the leakage of the -the leakage from the system in terms of the returns that go to the owners of capital -leakage has increased enormously.

讲一点稍稍离题的内容,我发现,过去的二十年中,这种损耗,这种减损资本所有者收益所得的,系统性损耗,有相当巨大的增长

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

And there is this heartbreaking love that Sal has for Dean, and, if you track that through, the major turning points in the second two thirds of the novel are moments when Sal makes it clear to Dean that he actually cares about him.

而且萨尔对迪安有着令人悲痛的爱情，如果你追踪这一点，你就会发现小说里,三分之二的时间萨尔都在,向迪安说明他有多在乎迪安。

耶鲁公开课 - 1945年后的美国小说课程节选

Often a good thing to start with is to put the lowest ionization energy atom in the middle, and if you don't have charge separation then go with that structure, but if you do find you have a lot of separation, such as the case in negative 2, positive 2, and minus 1, then you want to say wait a second, this is really bad in terms of formal charge, let me go ahead and see what other options I have here.

通常一开始把电离能最低的原子,放在中心位置就很好了，如果你发现电荷没有分开,那么这个结构就没问题了，但是如果你发现有很多分开的电荷，比如这种情况，有负二，正二和负一，那么你会想要说等一下，从形式电荷来看这很不好，让我去看看其它可能的选择。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选