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So, now with this framework, I said that talking about these valence electrons might give us some insight into chemical reactivity.
所以，现在对于这个结构，我认为讨论价电子能,会让我们对化学反应有更深的领悟。
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So, we have an octet of the electrons that seems to be associated with chemical inertness.
所以我们有八电子结构,它看起来和化学惰性有关。
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That can happen but that's abnormal, but changes in maybe the chemistry of the backbone that holds the nucleotides together.
这可能发生的,但属于非正常的变化,而是改变诸如维持核苷酸序列的,主链的化学结构
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But what really happens is as you go on in chemistry, you draw so many of these you can just draw them without following the rules.
但是随着你在化学上的深入，你会画很多路易斯结构,以至于你可以不用管这些规则就能直接画出来。
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The thesis of 3.091, and this is where the chemistry comes in, is that electronic structure of the elements holds the key to the understanding, not just the chemical bonding, but the long range atomic order.
这是这门课的论点，这是化学的研究点，也就是元素的电子结构,那即是理解的关键，不只是化学键，还有长程的原子排序。
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What you'll actually find in terms of asking your TAs about the Lewis structure rules is that sometimes they won't be as good at them as you are, and the reason is once you've drawn enough of these structures, you start to get a lot of chemical intuition about it just looks wrong to you if it's wrong.
其实如果大家去问助教,路易斯结构的规则是什么的话,你会发现他们有时候可能并不比你们记得更清楚，因为一旦你画过足够多的路易斯结构，你就会开始获得很多化学直觉,如果它是错的，那么对你来说它看起来就是错的。
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It wouldn't be the same if I turned it upside down because the carbons - the rings here, the pentose's would all be turned over, the chemistry would look different and the sequence of bases would look different.
记住单链倒过来,就和原来不一样了,这是因为碳原子和糖环结构,戊糖会翻转,使得这个化学结构看起来不一样了,碱基的顺序也不一样了
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This is - what this diagram shows you is-- the forces that hold these individual strands of DNA into a double stranded form.
你们可以看看这个图表,演示了连接两条DNA长链为双螺旋,结构的化学力
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When these nucleotides get polymerized to form a long DNA molecule they all get polymerized in exactly the same way, the chemistry is the same.
当这些核苷酸多聚化,形成一条长链DNA分子时,它们的聚合方式和,化学结构都完全相同
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So my goal today is to talk about sort of the basics of the molecules, their chemistry, the function of DNA in cells, sort of basic - the basic side of that.
所以我今天的任务是告诉你们,DNA分子的各种基团,它们的化学结构,细胞内DNA分子的功能
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We'll talk about some chemistry today, what DNA molecules are like, why they have the behavior that they do, and you need to understand this in order to understand how you manipulate DNA.
今天我们会谈到一些化学结构,比如DNA分子的形态,它们为什么会以这种形态存在,你必须先掌握这些,才能理解如何操控DNA
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The only thing I need to say in order to distinguish this particular part of the chemistry of a DNA or an RNA molecule is to say 'it's DNA or its RNA', and 'what the base is'.
想要区别DNA和RNA,这两种化学结构不同的核酸的话,我只要说明它是DNA还是RNA,它的碱基是什么就够了
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