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Individual cells of the pancreas are capable of - of a healthy pancreas are capable of both sensing glucose and secreting insulin.
每一个健康胰腺细胞,都可以感知血液中葡萄糖浓度,并分泌胰岛素
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They're ready to rapidly differentiate into antibody producing cells and they're waiting for that second signal to come.
并可以迅速分化为,抗体分泌细胞,记忆细胞在等待第二次信号的到来
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The collagen is excreted by cells themselves, so the matrix is made by cells.
胶原蛋白是细胞自己分泌的,所以说基质也是细胞制造的
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Only cells in the pancreas, some cells in the pancreas are making insulin.
只有胰腺中的细胞,胰腺中的一些细胞分泌胰岛素
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A small molecule gets produced by cells in one part of the body, circulates in the blood, estrogen enters cells, and sometimes that estrogen is able to penetrate deep within the cell, even into the nucleus.
雌激素是由身体某部分细胞分泌的,随着血液循环进入细胞,有时雌激素能够进入到细胞内部,甚至进入到细胞核内
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Well, one because you're not taking anymore glucose in, but the other because when you did eat glucose you got more insulin and the glucose got shuttled into cells where it's either used or stored.
一个是因为你没有再摄入更多的糖分,另一个原因就是,当你摄入糖时,胰岛素分泌增加,糖被转运到细胞内部,要么被用掉要么被储存
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Here, what's different between autocrine and paracrine is that there's some distance between the cell that produces the signal and the cell that receives the signal, but it's not too great a distance because the blood system doesn't have to be involved.
自分泌和旁分泌的区别在于,旁分泌中,产生信号的细胞和接收信号的细胞,之间存在着一定的距离,但这个距离并不远,因为血液系统并不参与
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What extracellular matrix you have in any particular tissue is there because there's a balance between it being produced by one kind of cell and digested by another, and you're in this sort of state of dynamic equilibrium.
特定组织中,细胞外基质的多少,取决于一个,分泌与降解的平衡,这是一种动态的平衡关系
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They both proliferate, increase in number, and they differentiate; they differentiate from immature B-cells into antibody producing cells.
淋巴细胞将迅速增殖,数量大幅提高,同时发生分化,幼B淋巴细胞分化,形成能够分泌抗体的细胞
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So not all of the B-cells that are stimulated become plasma cells or antibody secreting cells.
所以,并不是所有的B淋巴细胞,被刺激分化成为,浆细胞或是抗体分泌细胞
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In the case of the helper cells they stimulate a specific population of B-cells to mature into antibody producing cells, and that antibody is generated against the antigen that stimulated it.
以辅助性T细胞为例,辅助性T细胞刺激特定的B细胞,使这些细胞成长为抗体分泌细胞,抗体分泌细胞产生大量的抗体,以消灭大量增殖的抗原
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