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Our ionization energy is going to be equal to the incident energy coming in, minus the kinetic energy of the electron.
我们的电离能将等于,入射能量，减去电子的动能。
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And I am going to let this arrow somehow indicate the value of the incident energy.
我将用这个箭头,来揭示,入射能量的值。
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So, let's take a look at the different kinetic energies that would be observed in a spectrum for neon where we had this incident energy here.
那么，让我们来看一下,在已知入射能量的情况下,可以在氖光谱中观测到哪些不同的动能。
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Now, if this incident energy is great enough it will take an electron out of the ground state and promote it.
现在，如果入射能足够的话,它会将一个电子从基态中释放出来,并且加速它。
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The interesting thing here is that I can change the incident velocity continuously.
有趣的是,我可以逐渐改变入射速度。
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So what we're saying here is the incident energy, so the energy coming in, is just equal to the minimum energy that's required to eject an electron.
这里我们来讨论一下，入射能量正好等于,发射出一个电子所需要的最低能量的情况。
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OK, so tiny fraction, tiny fraction of alphas, tiny fraction of incident alphas, tiny fraction of incident alphas deflected through large angles.
这一小部分，极少的阿尔法粒子，极小部分的入射阿尔法粒子，小部分的入射阿尔法粒子,以大角度偏转。
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So, we do this here for the photoelectric effect, and in terms of the photoelectric effect, what we know the important point is that the incoming photon has to be equal or greater in energy then the work function of the metal.
所以，我们做这个是为了说明，光电效应，在光电效应方面，我们知道的最重要的事情,就是入射的光子能量必须等于,或者大于金属的功函数。
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Let this represent the total energy of the incident electron.
让这个来表示入射电子的,总能量。
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Change the voltage, I change the incident energy.
改变电压，我改变入射能量。
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The first that we need to know the energy of the photon that's incident on our gaseous atom.
首先，我们需要知道,入射到气体原子的光子的能量。
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So we can use an equation to relate the incident energy and the kinetic energy to the ionization energy, or the energy that's required to eject an electron.
因此我们可以用一个公式将入射能量,与动能和电离能，就是发射出一个电子所需要的能量关联起来。
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So, now we can talk about it in different terms, Ei for example, talking about e sub i, which is the incident energy or the energy of the light that comes in, or talking about work function here, and that's just another way to say threshold energy.
现在我们可以从不同的方面,来谈论它了，举例来说，它是入射能量或者进来的光的能量,或者谈论这里的功函数，它是另一种描述临界能量的方式。
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Suppose the E incident is greater than the energy in the transition going from ground state n=2 What will happen?
假设入射能量远远大于,从基态向,转变的能量。，to，n，equals，two。,那会发生什么？
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So, therefore, we can rewrite our equation in two ways. One is just talking about it in terms only of energy where our kinetic energy here is going to be equal to the total energy going in -- the energy initial minus this energy of the work function here.
所以我们可以把方程,写成两种形式，一个是,只考虑能量，动能等于总的,入射能量-初始能量减去,功函数的能量，我们如果想解决,比方说，我们想知道。
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If I went on and told you what the different incident light was, and what the electrons were ejected with, and then you could look up the ionization energy for the particular different elements, you should be able to actually determine exactly which element it is, but just with the information given, we can only narrow it down to these choices here.
如果我继续告诉大家入射光源是什么，出射电子的动能是多少，那么你可以去查一查,以上各个元素的电离能，这样你就应该能确定,这个元素到底是哪个，但是只凭题目中的信息，我们只能把范围缩小至以上几种元素。
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And I am saying electron, but more generally it applies to any incident particle.
我说的是电子，但根通俗的来说它就是,入射粒子。
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A tiny fraction of the incident alpha particles were deflected through large angles.
极小部分的入射的阿尔法粒子,发生大角度的偏转。
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He shot alpha particles which have a charge of plus two.
他入射的阿尔法粒子带有两个正电荷。
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He didn't shoot neutrals.
他并没有入射中子。
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