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It's a poem deeply invested in the tradition of pastoral poetry, pastoral poetry from Theocritus and Virgil onward.
这是一首深深植根于从忒俄克里托斯和维吉尔时代，不断发展而来的田园诗的传统中的诗。
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The Crito, on the other hand, is a conversation between Socrates and a single individual, only one person.
另一方面来说，《克里托篇》则是一场,介于苏格拉底与单一个体之间的对话，就只有一人。
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This is an argument that's been developed really quite brilliantly by a great Milton critic, William Kerrigan.
这是伟大的弥尔顿评论家,威廉姆·克里根发展起来的观点。
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Professor Kohli is a David K.E. professor of international affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of public and international affairs at Princeton University.
克里教授是普林斯顿大学,威尔逊公共和国际事务学院,研究国际关系动向的教授,在学校负责,正常授课。
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We've got Lynette, Lukucin, we've Kristin, Bargeon; there's nine of you here. Let's try it again.
利奈特,鲁克森,克里丝汀,博贞,有九个人,再举下手示意一下
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So remember last time I put up the article by the Crimson that was unfortunately I couldn't find ? a more recent one-- that was 2004?
记得上次,我提出的《哈佛克里姆森》杂志里的文章,很可惜我找不到,更近期一点的，那是2004年的？
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But I think a certain generation of college students thought stooges were only named Moe, Larry, and Curly and so they started to use the phrase "confederate."
但是我认为相当多的大学生,认为助手只能是莫伊，拉里或者克里,并且他们开始用“助手“这个词“
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One of the motives for his selection of this genre, the pastoral genre, is the tradition -and it's a tradition that goes all the way back to Theocritus and Virgil -that associates shepherds with poets.
他选择这个流派的动力之一，就是田园诗是一种传统,是一种可以追溯到忒俄克里托斯和维吉尔时代的传统,它把牧羊人和诗人紧密相连。
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The pastoral genre in fact even for Theocritus, its inventor, was always highly artificial.
甚至对于忒奥克里托斯，它的创始者来说，田园诗，也一直都是人工雕凿的。
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For a better and more complete picture of India, Please join me in welcoming our special guest for today professor Atul Kohli.
为了更加详尽地了解印度的国情，让我们一起欢迎今天的特别嘉宾,艾图·克里教授。
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The Apology and the Crito represent a tension, they represent even a conflict between two more or less permanent and irreconcilable moral codes.
苏格拉底自辩篇》和《克里托篇》,代表着一种张力，它们甚至可说代表着两种,多少算是永恒,且无法调和的道德规范。
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The Apology, the Crito, these are warm-ups to the big theme, to the big book, the Republic.
苏格拉底自辩篇》，《克里托篇》,都是更大主题的，暖身读物。
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If the Apology presents the philosopher's case against the city, Socrates' case against the city, the Crito presents the city's case against the philosopher.
如果《自辩篇》,呈现哲学家对抗城邦的论点，苏格拉底对抗城邦的论点，《克里托篇》则呈现,城邦对付哲学家的论点。
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or nymphs and satyrs than you or I know and later urban poets - and Theocritus was an urban poet -later urban poets like Virgil or Milton knew even less than Theocritus, we have to assume.
的森林之神），忒奥克里托斯知道的不比你我或是后来的,都市诗人多--忒奥克里托斯就是个都市诗人,-后来的都市诗人像维吉尔和弥尔顿,我们得假定，对这些知道的就比忒奥克里托斯还少了。
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Crito is named for a friend and disciple of Socrates who at the outset of the dialogue is sitting as a watchful guardian over his mentor.
克里托篇》的命名源自,苏格拉底的一名朋友及信徒,在对话之初,就诚心守护着他的这位良师益友。
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Crito is, of course, very concerned with what people will think of him if it becomes known that he has somehow not helped Socrates to escape.
克里托当然，很关心人们对他的观感,如果被知道,他无能帮助苏格拉底越狱。
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In many ways, the Crito, in some respect, is the platonic dialogue about piety.
在很多角度看来《克里托篇》于某些方面，是柏拉图式的敬神对话。
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The Apology takes place in the Court of Athens, the most public of settings, while the Crito occurs within the darkness and confinement of a prison cell.
苏格拉底自辩篇》发生在雅典的法庭，最公开的场合；,而《克里托篇》则是在,阴暗幽禁的监狱牢房之中。
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This is the question raised by this dialogue in the Crito as well.
这个问题也,出现在《克里托篇》的对话中。
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So let's look into the Crito just a little bit.
我们来研究一下《克里托篇》
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It engages the ancient art of pastoral poetry initiated and made famous by the great Greek poet Theocritus, which was later imitated by Moscus and then finally by the Roman poet Virgil in his celebrated pastoral eclogues.
它沿用了古老的田园诗艺术,田园文学是由希腊伟大诗人忒奥克里托斯创始并发扬开来的，后来为摩斯科斯所模仿，最终,罗马诗人维吉尔的著名田园诗也是模仿的此诗体。
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That's the question I want us to consider again for next week as we finish the Apology ?! and move our way up to the Crito. Okay?
这是我希望大家在下周,结束《苏格拉底自辩篇》之前思考的问题,然后我们将进入《克里托篇》，好吗？
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The question is, why does Socrates exhibit such proud defiance and independence of the laws in the Apology, and such total, even kind of mouse-like, acquiescence to the laws in the Crito?
问题是，为何苏格拉底一方面展现了自豪的反抗,及独立于法律之外如同《自辩篇》所载，但这种绝对性，却化为鼠辈般，默认了全部的法律，一如《克里托篇》所载？
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Is that speech for the law, with the laws, really intended for the benefit of Crito, rather than an expression ? of Socrates' deepest opinions about the questions of obligation and obedience?
那场为法律所讲，有关法律的对话，真的是要为克里托排解，而不是苏格拉底,最深层意见的表述,尤其是那些问题攸关义务与服从？
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Welcome, professor Kohli... Thank you. -to our program.
克里教授，欢迎您。,谢谢，-参加我们的节目。
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Aristophanes' play sometimes is even included in certain editions of the book you're reading like this one it has the edition of Aristophanes' Clouds in it along with the Apology and Crito.
亚里斯多芬尼斯的剧作有时,也会包含在,你们所读的特定版本书中，像这本,它内含亚里斯多芬尼斯的《云》,还有《苏格拉底自辩篇》和《克里托篇》
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Maybe the answer, or an answer, to this question is revealed in the Crito, the companion dialogue, the companion speech that goes along with the Apology, although it typically gets much less attention than the Apology.
也许答案或任何一种响应，这个问题的答案都可在《克里托篇》寻得，这是柏拉图的另一篇语录，另一篇,与《苏格拉底自辩篇》等齐的辩论，但一般较少受到,与《苏格拉底自辩篇》等同的注意。
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Atul Kohli on India.
教授艾图·克里，关于印度的讲解。
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But it gets back to the question, are the reasons Socrates gives Crito for refusing to escape, the reasons he puts in the mouth of the laws of the city of Athens, ? are those Socrates' true reasons?
但这带回到那个问题，到底苏格拉底给克里托,拒绝越狱的理由，他以雅典城邦法律立场,所说的理由，是苏格拉底真正的理由吗？
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Plato's dialogues, the Apology as well as the Republic and the Crito are in the broadest sense of the term, an attempt not only to answer the charge against Aristophanes but also defend the cause of philosophy as something of value and merit.
柏拉图的语录《苏格拉底自辩篇》,《理想国》和《克里托篇》,以最广泛的解释看来，不仅试图响应,亚里斯多芬尼斯的控诉,同时还捍卫着,哲学的目标是价值与功绩。
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