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If you're fighting for an hour or two hours, it just seems like that would be such a low number.
如果战斗持续了一两个小时,那这个伤亡数字可算是相当低了
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I have to believe that the bulk of the killing took place on the flight and so that's why that works out.
但我相信,惨重的伤亡会在逃跑时出现,这就是为什么会算出那么惨重的伤亡数字
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And perhaps that is pastoral in a way, going back to what you said, that I do think of myself in many ways as doing pastoral counseling, particularly in the most difficult circumstances when there's been a crisis, a death, a serious accident.
也许某种意义上这像是种牧师与受众，回到你刚才说的，很多时候我觉得自己,就是作为一个牧师指导学生，尤其是在极其困难的情况下,比如出现了危机，伤亡，或者严重事故。
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The first item always on that was the overnight casualty report from Iraq and Afghanistan, and I would often come and see that had been circled by the president or that he would be reflecting on that.
上面的第一条永远是,这一晚在伊拉克和阿富汗,士兵的伤亡报告，我来的时候会看到那条消息,被布什总统圈了出来,他看着报告会陷入沉思。
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He eventually switched; his New York this happened in many regiments in the Civil War it took so many casualties it ceased to exist and he switched to a Connecticut regiment and he served that Connecticut regiment through the summer of 1864.
他最终换了军队,内战期这很平常,他所在的纽约军队伤亡惨重,全军覆灭,他来到康乃狄格军队,他一直在此服役,度过了1865年夏
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That's a high casualty rate and many a military unit will break if they have that many casualties.
这个比率相当高,在如此之高的伤亡率下,许多军事单位会因此而瓦解
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Well, you got to realize that much of the time, until the phalanx breaks, there's not a lot of killing that can go on.
你要知道,在方阵被打乱前的大部分时间里,不会有太多的伤亡
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Now, another issue that emerges in discussion of these kinds of battles is the casualties.
此类战争中的另一个问题,是伤亡人数
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You had mentioned that the losing side casualty numbers were approximately about 15%?
您前面提到了伤亡者,大约是百分之十五
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If you multiply her, then you want to have as much depth to fill in behind to close that hole as you can, so that that would make your phalanx more sturdy, because you could take more casualties without breaking, that seems reasonable to me.
如果再多一些,你就需要在后面增加足够的排数,尽可能地填补缺口,这会使你的方阵固若金汤,即使伤亡惨重也不影响阵容的坚固,这在我看来是合理的
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For a long, long time the general wisdom was there were not heavy casualties in hoplite battles -- people calculating on what I was just talking about.
长期以来的共识是,方阵战不会造成大规模的伤亡,人们相信这一点
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Actually, what he finds is the winning side would lose about 5% and the losing side would lose maybe as much 15%, and so you get some idea.
他得出的结论是,胜方伤亡,大约是百分之五,而败方可以高达百分之十五,大概是这样
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They were bloody, although the actual amount would vary with the circumstances.
绝对是血腥残酷的,尽管具体伤亡数会随着环境不同而稍微变化
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But don't imagine that these were anything like bloodless or easy.
千万别以为这样的伤亡程度不算什么
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Either you open a nice hole between yourself and the rest of your army, in which case somebody's going to get very badly killed and you're going to be on the run very soon, or you have to somehow communicate to the rest of the army, "Everybody come over this way," which will still leave that flank open to being flanked by the other side.
或者在你和自己的军队之间,形成一个缺口,这样有会造成惨重的伤亡,你很快会全军溃逃,或者你以某种方式和部队沟通,全都过来这边,这样仍会使一侧对敌人敞开,从而受到对方攻击
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