And so there was great concern that we were vulnerable in this way, because the disease is still a disease that could affect people.

我们很担心会这样受到伤害,因为这个疾病仍是可以感染人类的疾病

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Because it infects your cells and reproduces, your immune system responds much more vigorously.

由于它会感染你的细胞并且繁殖,所以你的免疫系统会有很强烈的反应

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

In contrast, if you look at a U.S.City, ten years ago in 1997 for example, then people still died but they didn't die predominantly from infectious diseases.

相反,我们看美国的城市,例如在十年前,即一九九七年,人们还是会死亡,但是最主要的死因不再是感染性疾病

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Now, all you have to do is introduce that virus into an organism and the virus will do what it naturally does, which is infect some cells.

剩下你要做的就是将之导入某个生物,病毒自己就会做好自己的本分,也就是去感染细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Yeah, so you're asking, if for example, why do you need a booster of tetanus, because if I get exposed to tetanus wouldn't I have this rapid response?

所以你会问,举个例子来说,已经感染过破伤风杆菌的人,为什么仍然需要接种破伤风疫苗,身体不是应该马上对该病菌做出应答吗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Fungi which don't often cause infections in people with healthy immune systems but can under some circumstances, and can be tremendous problems in patients that have weakened immune systems.

真菌在免疫系统健康的情况下通常,不引起感染,但在某些情况下也会感染,那就成了极大的问题,在免疫系统脆弱的病人体内

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, if you look in the blood of patients that are infected with Hepatitis B you find a lot of Hepatitis B surface subunits, proteins without the nucleic acid circulating in their blood.

因此,如果你观察一下,已经感染乙肝病毒患者的血液,你会发现许多乙肝病毒的表面亚基,以及血液循环中存在没有核酸的蛋白质

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So in a town that's the size of new Haven with a population of let's say 100,000 people in just the immediate New Haven area, there might be 20 of these instances of very severe form of polio per year, 20 crippled children would result.

在一个像纽黑文这么大的城市里,大约有十万人口,生活在纽黑文地区的人当中,每年可能就会有二十人,感染到这种急性传染病,可能会导致二十个孩子残疾

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选