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The power of linearity is F=k1+k2 if I come across f of x, y, z equals k1 plus k2, if it is a linear equation, I don't have to go and solve it all over again.
线性的威力是,一个方程，如果它是个线性方程，那么我就不用再去解他了。
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9 or . 8 7 are possible, they actually aren't possible because even if we saw a total shielding, 1 the minimum z effective we would see is 1.
。39和0。87是可能的，实际上它们是不可能的因为即使,我们看到了一个完全的屏蔽，最小的有效电荷是。
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It looks a little something like that, and the screen doesn't quite do it justice here, Z but there's two alphabets; A through Z, and then A through Z, -- but the inner A through Z is on a small -- it has a smaller diameter; so it's a ring of letters.
它看起就像那样的东西，那个画面做的不是这么公正，这里有两个字母表，A到Z，然后A到，但是戒指内部的A到Z是在一个小直径的上面-,它有一个小的直径，所以它是一个有字母的戒指。
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So, how many distinct, so again, we're talking about distinct kinetic energies, a spectrum for the element hafnium, 72 and I'll tell you here that it has a z of 72, so you don't have to spend two minutes searching your periodic table.
好，有多少分立的……还是一样，我们讨论的还是不同的动能，铪元素的光谱中出现，而且我来告诉大家铪的原子序数是，这样你就不用因为在元素周期表中找它,而花费两分钟的时间了。
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That's it. Again, these other p dxy dyz - or the d x y, d y z, those are going to be those more complicated linear combinations, you don't need to worry about them.
同样，这些p轨道,或者，它们是一些,很复杂的线性组合，你们，不用管它。
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px And I arbitrarily chose to put it in the 2 p x, 2pz we also could have put it in the 2 p y or the 2 p z, it doesn't matter where you double up, they're all the same energy.
我任意地选择放入至，我们也可以把它放入2py或，它与你在哪双倍填充没有关系，它们都在相同的能级。
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Z So it would be incorrect to try to assign this to a variable X or Y or Z, because it doesn't actually give me anything back.
这个是错误的，来赋值这个给变量X或Y或,因为它的确没有返回什么给我。
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z So the main idea here is z effective is not z, so don't try to plug one in for the other, they're absolutely different quantities in any case when we're not talking about a 1 electron atom.
所以这里主要的观点是有效的z不同于，所以不要尝试将一个插入到另一个，当我们不在讨论1个电子的原子时,它们在任何情况下是绝对不同的量子数。
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You need to know how to think about them in the same way we think about s and p orbitals, but for example, you don't yet need to know what all of the names are except for this 3 d z squared here.
你们只要知道，如何像考虑s和p轨道一样,来考虑它们，但你们不需要,知道它们的名字,除了这个3dz2轨道外。
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All right, so one thing that I want to point out, which I said many, many times on Friday, and this is perhaps the last time I'll say it, but one last time is we can think about why we only see a line for the 2 p orbital, versus we don't see separate lines for a 2 p x, a 2 p y, and a 2 p z.
好的，我还要指出一个问题，这个问题我在上周五已经说了很多很多次了，这可能是我最后一次提到它，但是这最后一次让我们来考虑一下,为什么我们只看到了一条，对应于，2，p，轨道的线,而不是分别对应于，2，p，x，2，p，y，2，p，z，的线？
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