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If a slave dies you got to buy a new machine, and while he's alive you got to feed him.
如果一个奴隶死掉了,你就得买台新的,他活着时你还要养着他
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Only in the Roman Empire could slavery actually start being a way that you can move up in society, because you could-- if you were a talented slave, your owner might free you, probably would free you.
只有在罗马帝国，奴隶制可以成为,提高社会地位的手段，因为。。。,如果是一个能干的奴隶，主人可能会释放他，很有可能。
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So, you have to feed the slave all year round to work only a small part of the time, that's not very profitable.
你不得不整年的喂养奴隶,而他们只有少量时间在工作,这是很不划算的
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Well Pete, you see, there was this free labor system and this slave labor system," blah-blah blah-blah.
皮特你知道,当时北方是自由劳动制,而南方是奴役劳动制",等等,等等
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If you think about it, it means that I'm a slave, that I don't own myself.
仔细想想，这就意味着我是一个奴隶，我不是自己的主人。
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This is what distinguishes, you might say, the true man, the real man, from the slave.
这区分出，实人、,真人、,有别于奴隶。
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You really have to slave away at it to get that good."
要这样出色，你真该拼命苦练才行“
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But if you're a freedman you're-- the other thing I should tell you is that in Roman law if you're manumitted as a slave, you're made free, if you're manumitted in the normal way they did it, that makes you a Roman citizen, if your owner was a Roman citizen.
但如果你是自由人-,有一点我得解释一下,罗马法律规定，如果奴隶被释放了，如果是正常方法被释放的，他就会成为罗马公民，前提是他的主人是罗马公民。
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But what you've got at the top are the early 1790s and I think 1820 in terms of slave population in the American south.
一般,你们会认为南方的奴隶数量,达到高峰是在十八世纪九十年代,而我却认为1820年更准确
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Well if you have a slave, that slave can't actually sign contracts.
如果你有一个奴隶，但法律规定奴隶不能签署合同。
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It had two--depending on when you look to three dozen major full-time slave traders.
有二十或三十多个,专业的奴隶贩子
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Just two blocks down the hill from that great equestrian statue of George Washington, the Founder, you could find a huge slave jail owned by Hector Davis.
距离奠基者乔治·华盛顿巨大的骑马雕像,往山下两个街区,你会发现赫克托·戴维斯,拥有的一个巨大的奴隶监狱
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And by the 1820s and 1830s the American South became what I think you could safely say was the fifth slave society in human history; maybe the sixth. This is debatable.
自十九世纪二三十年代起,美国南方,绝对成为了,人类历史上的第五个奴隶社会,也可能是第六个,这仍然处于争议中
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But if you look at 1860, the bottom map, if you can vaguely see those deep, dark, red areas, you can see where cotton moved, where slavery moved in the domestic slave trade, and then where Southern political power moved.
看看1860年,就在地图的最底部,如果你们能看到这些深红色的区域,你们就能明白棉花种植地的扩大,是如何导致奴隶需求量扩大的,同样变化的还有南方政权力量
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He's playing with Freudian slips. Of course, what he's thinking about all the time is the master-slave game, and so here it comes out, when he's talking about his brother's diving: "He's a master diver. You really have to slave away at it."
他在开Freudian滑倒的玩笑，当然，他一直想的是,主人-奴隶的游戏，当谈到他兄弟的潜水时，他提到了：,“他是个跳水能手，你真得埋头苦干拼命练习这个了“
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In fact,you're pretty sure that Steve wasn't a slave.
你很确定Steve并不是奴隶。
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Polemarchus orders you to wait," the slave says.
Polemarchus，要你们等一下“，奴隶表示。
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But if you need a slave representing your business, and you live in Rome and you need somebody in Ostia, the port city of Rome, to be able to be there and watch your imports and your exports of your business, you need someone who can sign contracts, who can lend money, who can borrow money, who can do things like that.
如果你需要一名奴隶代理你的生意，如果你住在罗马，需要有人，在罗马奥斯蒂亚港口,照看你的进出口生意，就得要能签合同，可以放债贷款，及其他类似事务的人。
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I mean, the equivalent of a healthy teenage male slave, if you could sell him for $1000.00 in 1860 it's about the same price of a good Toyota Camry today.
我的意思是,一个健康的十几岁的男性奴隶的价值,假如你在1860年把他卖到一千美金的话,那么在今天就大约相当于,一辆不错的丰田佳美汽车的价格
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That shall go to the stranger, the orphan Always remember you were a slave in the land of Egypt, therefore do I enjoin you to observe this commandment.
要留给寄居的与孤儿,寡妇，你也要记念你在埃及地作过奴仆，and，the，widow…,所以我吩咐你这样行。
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