Maybe you don't need the whole virus, but you could just use a piece of the virus,right?

也许你并不需要完整的病毒,你只需使用病毒的一部分

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And then I don't have to produce the whole virus in order to make a vaccine.

那么无需合成完整的病毒,就能制造疫苗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

One can also purify parts of the protein, that is, parts of the virus, that is, "Do I really need to deliver the whole virus?"

人们还可以纯化部分蛋白质,也就是病毒的某些部分来制造疫苗,那么还需要接种完整的病毒吗

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Or maybe you don't need the whole virus.

也许你并不需要完整的病毒

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Another approach which is still investigational, in that it's being tried for many diseases but not yet clinically used in any particular one, is maybe you don't need to introduce a whole virus or pieces of a protein at all.

另一种方法目前仍处于试验阶段,该方法即将试用于许多疾病,但还没有对某一特定疾病进行临床试验,那就是无需引入整个病毒,或者根本不用引入蛋白质片段

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选