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And scientists often have difficulty explaining what they do in language the public can understand.
VOA: standard.2010.05.04
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We need to know not only what are the primitives, but how do we make things meaningful in that language.
我们不仅需要知道什么是基本类型，还要知道我们在那种语言中,怎样使其变得有意义。
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What do you think is the most important thing to teach students who learn English as a second language?
你觉得要教那些以英语为第二语言的学生，最重要的是什么？
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Now, this is underwhelming with what you can do in just a second in this particular language.
该语言在一秒钟内就可以做出,一些意想不到的事情。
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To do that, we need to describe: not only, what are the primitives, but how do we capture things legally in that language, and interact with the computer?
为了达到这个目的，我们需要描述：,包括程序基本的东西，以及怎么在这种语言中，做我们想做的事情并和计算机交互？
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You could use the term "Language" to describe what dogs do, or what chimpanzees do, or birds.
在此意义上,"语言"可以被用来描述,狗儿在干什么,黑猩猩在干什么,或是鸟儿在干什么
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What do these figures think language can be used for?
这些人物觉得语言可以用来干什么？
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What do you think is the most important thing when learning a new language?
你觉得学一门新的语言最重要的是什么？
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What we're going to do is simply use a language that helps us understand.
我们要做的就是,用一个语言来帮助我们理解。
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What do we know about the time course of language?
对于语言的时间进程,我们知道些什么
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Well, what do we mean by language?
那么,我们所说的语言到底是什么意思
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If you want to know which part of your brain is responsible for language, you could put somebody into a scanner and have them exposed to language or do a linguistic task or talk or something and then see what parts of their brain are active.
如果你想知道大脑的哪个区域,负责语言功能,你可以对被试进行扫描,让他们暴露在语言环境中,或是进行语言学任务,或者聊天,然后观察他们的哪些脑区处于活跃状态
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So, what I want to do is, I want to discuss the scientific notion of language, at first restricting myself to systems like English and Dutch and American sign language and Navajo and so on.
因此,我想做的是,我想来谈谈语言的科学定义,首先我会将自己限定在,诸如英语,荷兰语,美国手语,或迪瓦霍语等语言系统之下
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OK. In order to talk about Python and languages, I want to do one last thing to set the stage for what we're going to do here, and that's to talk about the different dimensions of a language.
好，为了谈论Python语言以及其他，我想做,最后一点儿准备，那就是讨论一种语言的,不同维度。
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Once we've made some generalizations about language in this narrow sense, we could then ask, and we will ask, to what extent do other systems such as animal communication systems relate to this narrower definition.
一旦我们在狭义上,得出了某些关于语言的概论,那我们就可以发问,诸如动物交流系统之类的其他系统,会在多大程度上,符合这个狭隘的定义呢
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So, I think this is what Pynchon brings to the string of meditations on what language can do, and what the novel is for, that I began my lecture today with, just recapping for you.
我认为这就是Pynchon带来的对语言,能够做什么和这本书是为了什么的思考,我在今天的开始就说过，现在再提一下。
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So, operands. Let us take expressions, get values out, we can store them away in places, but ultimately we want to do something with them, so we need to now start talking about what are the things we can do inside of Python, or any programming language, to manipulate them.
也就是运算对象，让我们看看这些表达式，然后看看里面的这些值，我们可以把他们存在计算机的任何位置中，最终目的还是要对这些值做一些操作，因此我们现在需要开始讨论,在Python里面可以做什么，来操作它们了，或者在任何编程语言里。
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