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And we can calculate that with the formula that we used, which was just n minus l minus 1 equals the number of nodes.
这个我们可以用我们以前用过的那个公式来计算，也就是节点数等于ｎ减去ｌ减去１
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And just like we saw before for the case of entropy in an isolated system, now we have something we can calculate.
就像我们前面看到的,孤立系统的熵一样，现在我们有一些可以计算的东西。
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And we can calculate the ionization energy.
我们能够计算电离能。
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What it means is if you'd release a rock at that location one second before with a certain speed that we can calculate, it would've ended up here with precisely the position and velocity it had at the beginning of our experiment.
它的意义在于,若在该处以特定速度抛出一个物体,这个速度可通过计算得到,一秒之后,物体会运动至我们设定的起点,并且速度为我们设定的初速度
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And, in fact, these are the only two types of nodes that we're going to be describing, so we can actually calculate both the total number of notes and the number of each type of node we should expect to see in any type of orbital.
事实上，我们只,描述这两种节点，所以我们可以,计算任何轨道中的,总结点数以及各种节点数。
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Not one of these variables. And we can calculate that.
所有的这些变量都我们能够计算的。
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And so we can actually think about how do we calculate what the dissociation energy should be for h 2, so let's go ahead and do this.
因此，我们其实可以想到应该如何计算,氢分子的离解能，那么我们开始做一下吧。
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We can tabulate them. We can know them, and then when we have reactions that inter-convert different compounds, we can calculate the heat of reaction is just the difference between the heat of formation of the reactants, and the heat of formation of the products, right.
种化合物的生成热，可以把它们列成表,可以认知它们，而当我们要处理，在不同化合物间转变的反应时,我们只要计算反应物和,生成物的生成热之间的不同,就能计算出反应热。
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OK, in a few weeks, you're going to find out that we can calculate dH/dp from this equation of state, and you're going to find p out that dH/dp from that equation of state b-a/RT is proportional to b minus a over RT.
好，在接下来几个星期里,你们将知道从这个状态方程,可以计算出偏H偏p，并且你们会发现,从这个状态方程得到的偏H偏,正比于。
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Which means that g we can really calculate all the thermodynamics in terms of only g.
这意味着,我们能够利用,计算出所有的热力学量。
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And we can go through and calculate the value of this quantity in parenthesis. And, when we do so, we get the value 2.18 times 10 to the minus 18 joules.
我们能进行计算这些值,如果我们这样做，我们能算出是，2。18，乘以10，的负18焦耳。
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All right. So let's test what we, in fact, know about the photoelectric effect, and before we do that actually, we're going to calculate what we would predict, so when we do the demo it will be meaningful and we can tell whether we're successful or not.
好的，我们来测试一些，我们实际上懂了,多少光电效应的东西，在我们做测试之前，我们先算一下我们能预知什么，这样我们做的测试会很有意义,并且也知道我们是否成功了。
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So this means we can actually calculate this for any molecule that we've drawn the Lewis structure for, because we actually do need to draw the Lewis structure before we know, for example, how many of each of these we have, or at least go through the rules.
这意味着我们可以将原来画过,路易斯结构的分子的形式电荷计算出来，因为我们其实在画出,路易斯结构之后才能知道，比如，这些量的值是多少，或者至少我们需要经过前面的那些步骤。
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If we want to know the total heat added to the system, we can measure it, which is the straightforward thing, but sometimes you want to calculate in advance, or sometimes you want to calculate it on an exam.
如果想知道给系统的总热量，我们可以测量，这是很直接的事情，但有时候我们想事先计算它，或者需要在考试中计算。
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So, we can now calculate the ionization energy here.
我们可以计算这的电离能。
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Now what I want to do is put up a specific example of the cycle that can be undertaken inside here in an engine, and we can just calculate from what you've already seen of thermodynamics.
现在我想做的是,举一个例子,来具体说明热机内部的循环过程，同时我们可以利用热力学定律进行计算,看看热力学参量发生了什么变化。
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But because in many cases we can reasonably either model or measure equations of state, collect data for a material for its temperature, pressure, volume relations, then in fact if we can relate all these quantities to those then in fact we really can calculate essentially all of the thermodynamics. For the material.
但是因为在很多情况下,我们能够合理的给出状态方程的模型,或者通过收集一个物质的，温度，压强和体积之间的关系,来测量其状态方程，所以实际上我们可以给出压强等物理量,和热力学势之间的关系,并计算出所有的热力学势，对于给定的物质。
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