Let's look at the energetics of one of those electrons crashing into a hydrogen atom inside the gas tube.

我们一起来考察一下,其中的一个电子的能量,在阴极射线管中,撞击到氢原子上。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, we know now that we have charged particles. Are these negatively or positively charged based on this evidence?

弯曲的角度,现在我们知道,阴极射线是带电粒子,但从这个实验？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So rather than calling this an electron beam, this was called a cathode ray.

因此我们最好别叫它电子束，而是阴极射线。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, when the voltage difference between the plates is zero, or when we just don't have the plates there at all, the cathode rays are not bent, they just go right in a straight line, and they can be detected on this screen.

拐弯来测试它们是否带电,当两板之间电压为零，或者根本就,没有这两个板时，阴极射线是一条直线,它可以在屏幕上。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

PROFESSOR: Yeah, that's right. So, what we have here, cathode rays we now know are negatively charged particles. And, in fact, he named these negatively charged particles. Does anyone know what he named them? No, not electrons - very good guess. He named them corpuscles.

学生：负电，教授：是的,我们现在知道，阴极射线是带负电的粒子,实际上他还给这些,带负电的粒子去了一个名字,有谁知道叫什么吗？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And what we did was he put two detection plates on either side of these cathode rays, and when he put a voltage difference between these two plates, he wanted to see if he could actually bend the rays and test if they're actually charged or not.

但没有实验证明这件事,这就是Thomson所做的，它在阴极射线旁边放两块探测板,他想通过看当他,在两板之间加上电压后,阴极射线是不是会。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And if I evacuate it, I have a cathode ray tube.

如果我对其抽真空，我会得到一根阴极射线管。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选