Abel is a keeper of sheep. He represents the nomadic pastoralist, unlike Cain who is the tiller of soil, so he represents more settled urban life.

亚伯是一个牧羊人，代表着不断迁徙的牧场主，而该隐是一个农夫，他代表在城市定居的人。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

And there are more. Many of them referring to the exodus in Egypt and others referring to the notion of imitatio dei.

还有更多，其中很多是关于埃及的大迁徙,其它的是关于效法经的概念。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

Potidaea every year received magistrates who governed their city from Corinth and this was not imposed, this was not by force, this was by mutual agreement.

迁徙地每年都会有科林斯派来,管理城市的行政官,但这并非强制之举,它并不靠武力维持,只是双方的协议

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

That made some populations mobile because they had to move from place to place to find food, but of course, it made starvation a very real possibility.

那样使得部分人口开始流动,人们不得不不断地迁徙,寻找食物,当然 自然灾害也造成了饥荒

耶鲁公开课 - 关于食物的心理学、生物学和政治学课程节选

Maybe they emerged from within, rather than being established by peoples immigrating from without.

也许他们是从内部崛起的，而不是由从外部迁徙而至的人建立。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

And these upheavals are leading to mass migrations, migrations of people.

这些急剧兴盛带来了大移民，人口的大迁徙。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

We can then supplement that with all sorts of other information that we have, but we don't have any documents from some settler explaining why he's going where he's going.

再结合其它信息,我们就能很好地补充完善,但是对于古希腊,我们没有任何的文字资料,当时的定居者为什么迁徙就无从知晓了

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

They didn't move, unless they were driven to move.

除非万不得已,他们不喜欢迁徙

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

First of all, it was normal for the apoikia to turn to the mother city for help, and it was normal for the mother city to be inclined to help if they could do it.

首先,迁徙地,向它的母邦求助很正常,而且,母城能力允许的条件下,给予援助也很正常

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

From where we sit, it looks like the Corinthians were making a gesture of solidarity, the kind of thing you would expect a mother city to do, not to ignore its apoikia when it was in trouble.

在我们看来,科林斯人似乎做出了友好团结之态,这是我们期望母邦会做的,没有对困境中的迁徙地置之不顾

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选

So, Corinth really had a very great deal to say about what was going on So, when Potidaea got into trouble with Athens, and found itself Corinth sent a real army to go in there and fight, and I think that's because of this very special relationship that they had.

所以科林斯有很大的权力来左右迁徙地,所以当迁徙地与雅典交战并被围攻的时候,科林斯派遣了一支真正的军队去作战,我想正是出于他们之间的这种特殊关系

耶鲁公开课 - 古希腊历史简介课程节选