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The best way to label this DNA is by designing probes or labels that hybridize with specific sequences that you're interested in.
最好的标记方法是,设计出能与你感兴趣的,特定基因序列杂交的,分子探针或标签
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And he's saying that, you know, "This grasp right now is damaging tissue because it's badly designed, etc."
来到我们课堂的医生会说，“因为仪器设计不当，现在的抓取方法会破坏组织等等。”
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What you're much better at doing is saying how do I take the problem I've got and map it into a class of algorithms about which I know and use the efficiencies of those to try and figure out how to make it work.
当你碰到问题的时候,更好的方法是把遇到的问题映射,到已经设计好的算法中去,并用这些算法来提高效率,来保证问题得到解决。
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Each one of those electrodes allows us to measure, we plot voltage verses time, ? this signal coming from the tip of that electrode. Ok?
我们通过每个这样的电极都可以设计一种测量方法，我们设计电压比时间，这一信号源于电极的一端，对吧？
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Yeah, this is just one particular example of how to do it, but you could - so you have to identify something that's unique about it and then design a method for identifying that unique thing.
是的 这只是一个特定的例子,但你可以--,你必须找到它,独一无二的特性,然后才能设计出识别这种特性的方法
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So, that means we have to devise ways of sharing with people that we've never met, that we don't care about--I mean, maybe we care about everybody, but we don't have any particular emotional ties to them-- and they're very different people.
那意味着我们必须设计一些方法,使我们与素未谋面的，并不亲近的人们一同分摊风险，也许我们非常博爱，但未必对所有人都会怀有特殊情感-,分摊者应该是与我们非常不同的人。
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up employing something called programming, the act of constructing, telling a computer to do your bidding.
你们会使用一种叫做程序设计的方法，或称之为构建，即让计算机去执行你的命令。
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And probably the obvious thing you'll think about is, we'll come up with a clever algorithm. And I want to disabuse you of that notion.
可能你想到的最有效的方法,就是设计一个,聪明点的算法了,这正是我想你们注意到的。
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You could imagine strategies where you have multiple resistance genes on a plasmid, resistance to Ampicillin, to Penicillin, to Erythromycin for example, and you design strategies for separating out which cells are carrying the plasmid that you're interested in.
若质粒上有多种抗性基因,你就有很多筛选方法,例如对氨苄青霉素,青霉素,红霉素的抗性,而且你可以设计方法分离出,含有你感兴趣质粒的细胞
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