So you see in the hybrid orbital we actually have a larger lobe on top where they constructively interfered.

所以你们可以看到在杂化轨道里,我们上面,由很大的一叶相长干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

Since we're talking about wave functions, since we're talking about the properties of waves, we don't only have constructive interference, we can also imagine a case where we would have destructive interference.

因为我们讨论的是波函数，因为我们讨论的是波的性质，我们不仅有相长干涉，我们也可以想象在,某种情况下会有相消干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And it turns out that when you constructively have two p orbitals interfere, and when I say constructively, I mean they're both either positive or they're both the negative lobes, that's when you got bonding.

当两个ｐ轨道,相长干涉时，我说的相干相长，意思就是说它们要么都是,正的叶瓣要么都是负的叶瓣，这时就能成键。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

When we were talking about constructive interference, we had more electron density in between the 2 nuclei.

当我们讨论相长干涉的时候，在两个原子核之间有更多的电子密度。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So let's think of them a little bit more by graphing the amplitude of the wave, and seeing how we can have this constructive interference.

让我们把波的,振幅画出来考虑一下,我们怎么能得到这种相长干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

All right. So we see constructive interference, of course, we can also see destructive interference.

好了，我们看到的是相长干涉，当然我们也会看到相消干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And in either case if we first talk about constructive interference, what again we're going to see is that where these two orbitals come together, we're going to see increased wave function in that area, so we saw constructive interference.

在任何情况下,如果我们首先讨论相长干涉的话，我们同样会看到,当这两个轨道靠拢的时候，我们看到这个区域有波函数增加，所以我们看到的是相长干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

The reason that we can talk about this is remember that we're talking about wave functions, we're talking about waves, so we can have constructive interference in which two different orbitals can constructively interfere, we can also have destructive interference.

我们可以这么说的原因是,记住我们说的是波函数，我们说的是波函数，所以我们可以得到相长干涉,这是两个不同轨道会相长干涉，我们也有相消干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

In this case is it constructive or destructive interference?

在这种情况是相长干涉还是相消干涉？

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

PROFESSOR: Constructive interference.

相长干涉。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

You can see if we combine the s with the top lobe of the p, they're going to constructively interfere because they have the same sign.

你们会看到如果我们把s轨道和p轨道的上叶结合，它们是相长干涉,因为它们负号是相同的。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

So we can draw that for 1 s a, we can also draw it for 1 s b, and what I'm saying for the molecular wave function is that we have the interference between the two, and we have a constructive interference, so we end up adding these two wave functions together.

所以我们可以对1sa画出它来，我们也可以对1sb画出它来，对于分子波函数我要说的是,它们两者之间会干涉，这里我们有相长干涉，所以我们得到的是波两个波函数加起来。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选