The first that we need to know the energy of the photon that's incident on our gaseous atom.

首先，我们需要知道,入射到气体原子的光子的能量。

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I would say with the aid of an energy level diagram explain the fact that helium is found as atomic gas and not molecular. How about this one?

我要说的是，在能级图的帮助下,可以解释氦气是单原子气体,而不是分子气体这一事实,那么这个呢？

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, one difference between photoelectron spectroscopy and, for example, the photoelectric effect is that in this case, we're not just looking at one energy level, which is what we were looking at from the surface of a metal, now we're talking about this gaseous atom.

光电子能谱与光电效应的不同点在于，以这种情况为例，我们不只关心一个能级，就像原来在金属表面那样，现在我们研究的是气体原子，所以，我们可以从原子中。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

And then V minus the excluded volume term is equal to RT. Two parameters, this is the attraction between two atoms or molecules in the gas phase.

以及V减去一个排斥项,等于RT，两个参数，这是气体状态下两个原子,或者分子之间的吸引力。

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These are all one electron atoms, and they are gas, a single atom.

这些都是单电子原子，它们都是气体，都是单原子。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

You don't have gas molecules consisting of thousands of atoms.

并没有这样的气体分子,它们是由成千上万的原子组成。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选