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I get that the best research suggest we don't really have complete redundancy with hemispheres, but suppose that we did.
我知道有实验证明过,我们大脑的多余部分,并不是都分布在左或者右半脑里，但假设多余部分确实分布在半脑里。
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Recognizing fine patterns, and you have in fact a very specialization of your brain in the centre called the fovea.
识别精细图案，实际上你的大脑中心,有一个叫做中央凸的部具有特殊的作用。
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In fact, it's a specific person's brain, and what's interesting about the brain is that little white mark there.
实际上这是个特殊人物的大脑,有意思的是,大脑上有个白色的小标记
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If the brain is our CPU, then we'll behave in deliberate, purposeful ways just like a robot will behave in deliberate, purposeful ways.
如果大脑是我们的中央处理器,那么我们将会有深思熟虑的,有目的的行为,就像如此运作的机器人一样
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Joshua Greene Or people like a very young Joshua Greene, who does a research on morality and shows that we have morality centers in our brain.
或年轻的，他对道德进行研究,显示大脑里有道德中心。
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In Neurobiology last year, we were told of a rat who was tested a particular center in the brain where the rat was able to stimulate his brain and caused itself intense pleasure repeatedly.
上学年的生物神经学课提到个实验,老鼠的大脑有一特定区域,让老鼠自行刺激这一区域,从而不断获得强烈的快感。
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I digressed a little from this diagram but I think you've gotten the picture that as I move to more adult organisms, as I move to more specific regions of the brain, for example, I can still find progenitor cells that have some potential.
我不太认同这张图表,不过我认为随着我说到成人机体,你们已经在脑海中有这样的概念了,我在更特异性的区域,比如大脑中,仍能找到有一定潜能的祖细胞
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Now that's pretty far fetched and not many people would say that a pop tart should be a controlled substance and regulated by government, but there are some very interesting chemical properties associated with foods like this that trigger things going on in the brain that affect us in a very big way.
这多少有点牵强,而且也没有很多人会认为,这种果酱馅饼应归为管制品,并受到政府监管,但有趣的是这种食品,确实有一些特别的化学特性,它会作用于大脑并会对我们产生大的影响
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If you took out somebody's cortex and flattened it out, it would be two feet square, sort of like a nice--like a rug.
如果你取出某人的大脑皮层,把它摊开,会有两平方英尺那么大,有点像一张地毯
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So, you have parts of your brain that are basically telling you now, largely in the frontal lobes, that are--"Okay. Keep your pants on.
现在在你的大脑中,会有脑组织告诉你,主要是额叶,"好了,穿好裤子
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And in this case,both of Lefty and Righty seem to have enough of Shelly Kagan's brain.
在本案例中，小左和小右都有足够的大脑。
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They're cute because there are certain cues that correspond to the way our brains work.
他们可爱，因为他们,与我们大脑的特定方式有联系。
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And so next year,there's going to be somebody that's got my brain.
明年就会有有人得到我的大脑。
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And the brain is a remarkably beautiful and complex structure involving cortex, the cortex has maybe over 50 billions neurons and each one is connected to a thousand others and so forth.
大脑的构造漂亮，复杂，让人惊叹,大脑有皮层，皮层中的神经元多大500亿之多,每个神经元都与数亿千计的其他神经元相连。
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If souls can't split,it can only follow one half of the brain, and that's why we'll get somebody that's got one half, sometimes the other half,but never both halves.
如果灵魂不能分割，只跟随一半大脑，才能有只有其中一个得到半个大脑的人存活，而没有两人同时存活的状况。
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Suppose that as a kind of back-up security whenever revolution has done is-- produced so much redundancy in the brain that either half of the brain was sufficed.
假设我们有理论支撑,未来的进化-,会使大脑产生很多多余的部分,我们只需要一半大脑就足够了。
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Research suggests that there is a fair bit of redundancy in the brain, you can lose portions of the brain and still have a perfectly functioning, peak functioning person.
有研究显示,大脑中有些部分是没用的,即使失去大脑的某些部分,你还是可以正常生活，还是非常正常的人。
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And the logic is if you find somebody-- Crudely, if you find somebody with damage to this part of the brain right here and that person can't recognize faces for instance, there's some reason to believe that this part of the brain is related to face recognition.
这里的逻辑是这样的,比如说,如果你发现某人,大脑的右边这一部分受到了损伤,他无法进行面孔识别,那么就有理由相信,大脑的这部分是与面孔识别有关的
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Now these parts of the world are shrinking in the number; but let's say you lived in Ethiopia or Somalia, or places where food really is scarce way too much of the time, then having this particular biological drive, having a brain that wants you to seek out these foods would be highly adaptive.
现在这些地区的数量正在减少,但如果你生活在埃塞俄比亚或是索马里,或是当前食品十分短缺的地区,那么拥有这种生物驱动力,拥有不断驱使你去寻找食物的大脑,会让你有极强的适应能力
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So now it's not just that the on-off switch is stuck in off, the brain's no longer capable of engaging in these higher order P-functions.
所以现在看来就不是开关被卡住，大脑已经不再有能力,实行这些高级的人格功能。
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But other people have argued that there is a special module in your brain for dealing with artifacts, that is, things like tables and chairs and cars and forks.
但也有其他人认为,在大脑中存在一个特殊的,专门应用各种人工制品的模块,这些人工制品包括了桌椅,汽车,以及刀叉等
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But it's also true that Righty's got half of Shelly Kagan's brain and that seems good enough.
但小右也有Shelly，Kagan的半个大脑，同样也够了。
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So how can cells, which have the same sort of master information DNA, in your brain, and your heart, and your kidney be so different?
那么为什么这些有同种DNA信息的细胞,在你的大脑里,你的心脏里,在你的肾里,表现的如此不同呢
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Well, has anybody here ever eaten brain?
在座的有谁吃过大脑吗
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All of your cells have the same DNA, so the same genetic information, and yet cells in your brain, and cells in your heart, and cells in your kidney do very different things.
你所有的细胞都有相同的DNA,带有相同的遗传信息,尽管你大脑里的细胞,心脏上的细胞,肾里的细胞发挥着不同的功能
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