It's a biological system that you've engineered from taking cells from one organism and cloning them and developing a whole other organism.
所谓生物系统的工程化,就是从一种生物体内中取出细胞并克隆,将它们培养成为另一个有机整体
We'll talk about cell culture engineering during Week 4, how do you maintain cells in culture, what are the limits of this.
第四周我们会探讨细胞培养工程,人们如何在培养基中维持细胞的存活,这种方法的局限性是什么
The technology that they use and really there's quite a lot of technology here starting from the plates that you grow them in turn out to be engineered so they have the right properties.
这个过程需要使用的技术,确实非常多,从设计培养细胞用的培养皿,到工程化培养出有合适属性的细胞
This is a picture of patch clamp, it's a device that engineers built to fasten onto individual cells in order to look at how molecules in the membrane of the cell are working, and I'll talk a little bit about that as we go along.
这是膜片钳的图片,工程师使用该装置固定单个细胞,由此观察,细胞膜中的分子怎样活动,在以后的课中我还会谈到这方面内容
How can you use cultured cells to do things, and how do engineers build new things out of cultured cells is going to be a subject we talk about throughout the rest of the course and the chapter is listed here.
如何利用这些培养好的细胞,工程师们如何用培养的细胞制造新产品,这是我们接下来的课程要讨论的主题,相关章节都列在这儿了
We'll talk about cells and how they work, how cells in different parts of the body are different, why, and how they contribute to tissues at a very sort of simple level so that you can understand this as we start thinking about using cells for engineering purposes.
我们将会谈论细胞,它们如何工作,身体不同的部位细胞有怎样的不同,为什么它们有所不同,以及这些细胞如何,以十分简单的方式形成组织,这样当我们开始考虑用细胞,来满足工程目的时,你会更容易理解
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