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Remember that these cells are relatively large compared to bacteria and so diffusion doesn't occur very quickly over this length scale.
要知道这些细胞相对细菌而言,还是比较大的,扩散作用在这种尺度上,发生得不是那么快
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It can't enter cells because it's too big and it's too water soluble so it can't go through cell membranes.
它的分子太大了所以无法进入细胞,而且还是水溶性的,所以它也无法穿过细胞膜
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The other pathway that I think is very promising is now to use stem cell generated cells in culture dishes to use them for high throughput drug screening now we can test thousands of different drugs without killing so many animals.
第二个目标的前景相当广阔,我们可以用干细胞,在培养皿中大量繁殖各种细胞,用于大剂量的药物试验,让你无需屠戮动物,就能进行各种药物试验。
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In other cases, the virus propagates in such high numbers that release is literally an explosion of the cell.
在另一些时候,病毒的数量相当大,那么释放病毒就会使细胞的爆裂
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You don't want to generate a lot of cells that just start killing every cell inside your body.
你可不会希望产生一大堆这样的细胞,在你体内大开杀戒
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It's very water soluble and it's a big molecule, a very big molecule; it can't naturally get inside cells on its own.
它是一个水溶性极强的大分子,非常非常大的分子,质粒在自然状态下并不能自己进入细胞
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It's much larger than a bacterium, it's ten to 30 microns let's say instead of one to two microns, so almost ten times bigger.
人类细胞比细菌大得多,有十到三十微米那么大而不是一两微米,几乎大了十倍
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Diffusion mixes things very well, but as the size gets bigger, diffusion becomes very slow.
扩散作用使物质充分混合,但随着细胞变大后,扩散作用就捉襟见肘了
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Different amount of metabolic activity because one has a greater volume of cytoplasm than the other, for example, so these are exactly the right kinds of ideas.
大小不同,代谢活动的总量就会不同,可能因为一个细胞的胞质比另一个体积大,以上这些观点都是非常正确的
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The size of the cells could be different; maybe mitosis is asymmetrical in some way so that one of the cells ends up being bigger than the other.
细胞大小可能会不同,也许有丝分裂的过程是不对称的,致使子细胞一个大一个小
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You can see that it would be problem here if the gene that you were trying to give to the cancer cells also went to normal cells-- that would be a problem.
这确实是个问题,如果我们想导入癌细胞的自杀基因,也能进入正常细胞,那问题就大了
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