A very old, very wrong view of evolution is that evolution has shaped animals such that they're merely survival machines.

非常古老错误的进化论观点认为,进化塑造了动物,他们只是幸存的机器。

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If so, then from an evolutionary standpoint any kindness towards an animal that an animal shows towards another animal--is a mystery.

如果这样，从进化论观点看,任何对动物善意行为,一个动物对另一个动物，是个谜团。

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If evolution is survival of the fittest, nature red in tooth and claw, how could animals evolve moral feelings?

如果进化论是讲适者生存，在弱肉强食的自然界，动物怎么能进化出道德情感？

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Altruism" is the biologists' term meaning kindness,generosity, and evolutionary biologists have worked really hard to explain why animals might evolve to be kind.

利他主义是生物学术语,意思是善良，慷慨，进化生物学家努力去解释,为什么动物进化趋向善良。

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From a psychological point then, animals have evolved to be nice to their kin, particularly their children, and particularly in birds and mammals.

从心理学角度看，动物进化趋向于对自己的亲人有益，特别是自己的孩子，以鸟类和哺乳类为代表。

耶鲁公开课 - 心理学导论课程节选

So, evolution works at a level of the genes and because of that it could give rise to animals that are themselves altruistic.

进化论起作用的是我们的基因,因此进化论能产生,有利他主义的动物。

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