Kinases can, in many cases, serve as a mechanism for switching a protein on or switching a protein off.

激酶能够,在很多情况下,能够激活一种蛋白或者关闭一种蛋白

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

and ideally at some point coal, coal-fire power plants.

理想情况下，在某个时间点可能还会关闭煤炭以及燃煤电厂。

全球变暖与国力 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

If a ligand comes and interacts with a receptor, it opens up; In the presence of this ligand, if the ligand goes away, it closes.

如果配体与受体相互作用,在配体存在的情况下通道打开,如果配体脱离,通道就关闭

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, for example, if we look at sodium channels, and sodium channels are some of the particularly prevalent ones when we're talking about neurons, if you think about the cell membrane, and this little green cartoon is me trying to show a sodium channel here, and in this case, you can see that it's closed, such that no ions are getting through.

比如，让我们来看一下钠离子通道，钠离子通道是我们会经常遇到的几个之一,在讨论神经元的时候，如果大家想想细胞膜，而这个绿色的小示意图就是我用来表示,钠离子通道的，在这种情况下，大家可以看到它是关闭的，因此没有离子可以通过。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选