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That is why this says atomic number, but for most intents and purposes we can say this could be atomic mass.
那就是为什么这里说原子序数，但如果没有意图和目的,我们就说是原子质量。
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If you get, you know, a handshake or you know. Every once in a while we get people to do that.
但如果能得到观众的一次握手，我们得到的就是观众。
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But if we accept the no branching rule, we're saying whether or not we've got identity depends on what's happening elsewhere.
但如果我们接受了无分支规则，就等于赞同，我们是否有认同感依赖于在别处发生的事情。
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And so it's not, perhaps, crippling if this is the conclusion we reach, but at the same time it's not the only possible conclusion.
因此，如果这就是我们的结论，也没有太大关系，但同时要知道这不是惟一可能的结论。
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There were other people around. Someone else would help," but we know by looking at it that this difference makes a real difference.
我身边还有其他人，他们会帮他的”,但如果我们细究起来,会发现这种差别能产生重大影响。
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And that's something that we'll talk about from time to time in the class, but it's something you'd get more out of,for example, if you studied an art history class, or if you studied a literature class that talked about some of these issues in later European times.
这些我们在课堂上,会经常讨论，但如果你参加其他课，会学到得更多，比如艺术史课程，或者文学课,也会讨论欧洲各个时期的宗教问题。
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Here's an example where we'd like to make insulin, or having the insulin gene would be useful, but if we could take the insulin gene and make many copies of the insulin protein that would be a very useful thing.
例子就是我们人工制造胰岛素,胰岛素基因就很有用,但如果我们可以用胰岛素基因,复制很多胰岛素蛋白,这将会是非常有裨益的一件事
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We could do a more general job if we wanted to, but for now, let's assume that one of these firms has its shop at one end of the town, and the other one has its shop at the other end of the town.
如果有需要,我们可以做更全面的分析,但现在,先假设其中一家公司的商店,在城市的一边,另一家公司的商店在城市的另外一边
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Let me ask another question, if you give this-- and we'll talk about this in a later lecture, but if you give this diet to laboratory animal-- rats, mice, whatever-- it's very common for animals to gain a good bit of weight when given access to this diet.
我们来看另一个问题,如果你给,我们将在以后的课上讨论这个话题,但如果你给实验室动物,像小白鼠之类的,给予某种类型的饮食,这种饮食习惯会使得体重增加
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Whereas If our engine is large, we are much more likely to get up that hill, and to do it gracefully with relative ease.
但如果我们的引擎够大，要上那山就容易得多，不费吹灰之力就能做到。
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They told him that if earnings go up-- we try to keep a target payout ratio-- but if earnings suddenly shoot up, we're not going to increase our dividends right away because that would set too high an expectation and we don't want to have to cut it.
他们告诉他,如果收益提高,我们会努力维持既定的股利发放率,但如果收益大涨,我们不会马上提高股利,因为这样会导致过高的期望,我们也不想降低股利
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no immediate problem but if this continues onto the end of the decade, re approaching right now, there is going to be a disaster.
不会有立竿见影的问题,但如果继续这样做的话，十年以后，也就是我们现在这个时候，which，is，what，we’,会发生灾难。
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If I had a third axis, I would draw a k, but we don't need that.
如果有第三根轴,我可以画一个矢量 k,但我们现在不需要它
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So, we approached this machine here, the photograph is a little blurry, but it was very clear to us but if you zoom in on the screen and apologies for the reflections, again, this was just taken with my cell phone, you see what appear to be three huge buttons and at the top it said something like have a Charlie Card, which may very well apply to a lot of locals.
所以，我们走近这个机器，这个照片有点模糊，但对于我们来说是清楚地,如果我把它在屏幕上放大，我对这个影像感到抱歉,但是，这是用我的手机拍的,你们可以看到这里上面有三个很大的按钮,写了一些关于Charlie卡片的东西，对本地人来说是相当熟悉的。
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So there's two different orbitals that can have these three quantum numbers, but if we're talking about electrons, we can also talk about m sub s, so if we have two orbitals, how many electrons can we have total?
所以有两个轨道可以有,这三个量子数，但如果我们讲的是电子，我们还要考虑ｍ小标ｓ,如果我们有两个轨道，一共有多少个电子呢？
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But if we say that, then we're back to saying that somebody who's asleep isn't really alive.
但如果这么说，我们就回到了,说睡觉的人并不是活着的讨论上。
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So in formalist terms, that's the way we have to understand what, if we weren't formalists, we would suppose, as I say, to be a mnemotechnical device for the purpose of communicating something about the weather in Spain. Right?
形式主义者会这样理解，但如果我们不是形式主义者，我们就会认为这个重复单纯是为了,记住西班牙的天气，对吗？
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And this is absolutely confirming that what is happening is what we would expect to happen, because we would expect the case of reality is that, in fact, some shielding is going on, but it's not going to be total shielding, but at the same time it's not going to be no shielding at all.
因为我们期望看到的真实情况是,事实上,一些屏蔽发生了,但它不是完全的屏蔽，但与此同时它也不是，一点屏蔽也没有,如果我们从实验中得到电离能是多少。
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They come so instinctively and easily it's difficult, and sort of unnatural, to step back and explore them scientifically but if we're going to be scientists and look at the mind from a scientific perspective we have to get a sort of distance from ourselves and ask questions that other people would not normally think to ask.
他们来得如此本能，容易,这是困难的，有某种超自然韵味，退后，从科学角度研究他们,但如果我们打算成为科学家,从科学角度,看待心理,我们需同我们自身保持某种距离,问问题,问其他人通常不想问的。
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Shelly Kagan But if neither of us is Shelly Kagan, then the simple original personality theory was false.
但如果我们都不是，那最初的人格理论就会被证明是错误的。
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All right. What if we have passion, I'm sexually attracted to you, but no intimacy.
好，如果有激情，你让我欲火燃烧，但我们之间并不亲近。
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But in sigma orbitals, you have no nodal planes along the bond axis, so if we had a nodal plane here, we'd see an area where the wave function was equal to zero.
但在sigma轨道里，沿着轴向是没有节点平面的，如果我们有个节点，我们就会看到某个地方波函数等于0。
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So, in general what we see, and this is always true if we're comparing the same atom, and in general, if we're comparing different types of molecules, but we know that a single bond is always weaker than a double bond, which is weaker than a triple bond.
通常我们会看到，这对比较相同原子来说总是正确的，通常，如果我们要比较不同种类的分子，但我们知道单键,总是要比双键弱，双键总是要比三键弱。
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We imagine instead of living 80 years,living 90 or 95 or more We imagine a longer life But what is it that happens when I say ? if only I'd been born earlier?
我们想象不仅活80，90或95岁,我们想象能活更长时间,但如果我想象早点出生,会发生什么情况？
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So although I'll be largely talking from the perspective of the physicalists If you haven't become convinced of the physicalism so at least explore what will we say about death if we've decided that people are basically just bodies.
所以虽然我会经常,从物理主义的角度讨论,但如果你不信服物理主义,至少也探究一下如果我们认为,人仅仅是肉体,我们会如何看待死亡。
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So, we can use Coulomb's force law to think and it does that, it tells us the force is a function of that distance. But what it does not tell us, which if we're trying to describe an atom we really want to know, is what happens to the distance as time passes?
来考虑这两个粒子之间的,它告诉我们力随距离的函数关系,但它不能告诉我们，而我们如果要描述,原子又非常想知道的是,距离随时间的变化时怎样的？
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But if, over the course of the semester, you get better, then we will give, at the end of the semester, when we're figuring out your semester grade, we'll give the later, stronger papers more than their official weight.
但如果，在这学期中，这门课，你进步了，那么我们会，在学期末，我们算出你的分数后，我们会给那一两篇较晚时候写的，较好的论文比之前规定的更大的比重。
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It's a problem if we reject the police-like authority of authors, of whom we may have a certain suspicion on those grounds, when we certainly don't feel that way about Marx and Freud.
但若我们并不喜欢马克思和弗洛伊德，那么如果我们排斥警察，就好像因为对作者有所怀疑，而排斥作者权威的话，就有问题了。
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But if we say that,then we've given up on the body view.
但如果我们这样说，也就是放弃了肉体理论。
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