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So when I use the word "Soul," I will try to reserve it for the metaphysical view, according to which souls are something immaterial.
所以当我使用"灵魂"这个词时,我将会把它用在形而上学的观点里,这种观点认为,灵魂是非物质的
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Ah,says the soul theorist, Follow the soul--unless the soul splits, Shelly Kagan in which case neither of them is Shelly Kagan.
灵魂理论者说，跟随灵魂，除非灵魂分裂，那样他们就都不是。
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in which the three parts of the city and the three parts of the soul are direct expressions of one another.
是一种城市的三个阶级,与灵魂的三个部份,彼此直接呼应的和谐状态。
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It's a wonderfully compressed argument in which the Soul and the Heart make competing claims for Christianity and classical and literary wisdom.
这里压缩的争论很精彩,其中心和灵魂关于基督教义和,古典的文学的智慧提出相对立的主张。
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That is to say, the soul by which I am, what I am, is entirely distinct from body."
也就是说,我的心灵,我的本质,完全不同于我的身体"
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Because I don't see the compassion, it presents a false sort of beauty that doesn't go to what is really going on in my soul, which is very conflicted often. -Right.
因为我看不到其中情感的相同，他们呈现的是一种虚假的美丽,它和我灵魂经历的一切并不相关，而我经历的通常是矛盾与冲突，-的确。
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Hear, O Israel! Yahweh is our God, Yahweh alone. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day.
以色列啊！你要听：耶和华我们神是独一的主你要尽心,尽性，尽力爱耶和华你的神,我今日所吩咐你的话都要记在心上。
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He embraces the heterodox idea of monism, sometimes called animist materialism or vitalism, which is essentially a denial of any distinction between the body and the soul.
他赞同一元论的异端观点，一元论也叫做万物有灵论或者生机论,强调肉体和灵魂没有界限。
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She speaks of the necessary unity of body and soul, which for her entails a defense of the body, defending, as she does, its knowledge and its goodness.
她说道身体心灵结合的必要性，这对她来说需要保卫其身体，为身体的知识与美好抗击。
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When I use the word "Soul," I'm going to have in mind this dualist view according to which the soul is something immaterial, nonphysical.
当我用"灵魂"这个词时,我会采用二元论思路,因为他们认为,灵魂是非物质,非物理的
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The dualist view, according to which a person is a body and a soul.
二元论认为,人是由肉体和灵魂两部分组成
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If the mind is like the harmony of the body, then maybe you could destroy the mind, the soul by destroying the body on which the mind depends.
如果精神像是身体的和声，那也许你可以通过毁灭,精神依靠的肉体来毁灭,精神和灵魂。
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And this idea that the city is essentially analogous to the soul, that the city is like the soul, is the central metaphor around which the entire Republic is constructed.
而这种,将城市视为实质上可与灵魂比拟的概念，城市也有灵魂的概念，即是环绕整部《理想国》,构建的核心隐喻。
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Is it a book about what we today might call moral psychology ? and the right ordering of the human soul, which is a prominent theme addressed in this work?
或是一本,我们在今日所谓道德心理学,及人类灵魂之正义规范的书，因这些重要的主题正是本作品所大量陈述？
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According to the view that we're taking, which we'll now call the soul view, according to the soul view, it won't be me lecturing to you on Tuesday.
根据我们所持的观点，也就是灵魂的观点，根据灵魂的观点，星期二给你们上课的就不是我。
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And so the heart of the dialogue consists of a series of arguments in which Socrates attempts to lay out his reasons for believing in the immortality of the soul.
所以这部对话录的核心,是由一系列的讨论组成的,其中苏格拉底试图摆出他的原因,让人相信灵魂是不朽的
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That approach pretty clearly isn't going to work for souls, because a soul--and again, we've got in mind this metaphysical view, according to which it's something immaterial-- isn't something we see.
但这种方法显然不能用来证明灵魂的存在,因为灵魂,我再一次说明,从这种形而上学的角度来看,灵魂是非物质实体,我们看不到它
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If that which grasps the ideas or the forms must be eternal/non-physical, well one thing we're going to get is, since that which grasps the forms must be non-physical, the soul is not the body.
假如能认知,理念或者型相的事物必须是永恒,非现实的,那么我们能得到的结论是,既然能认知型相的事物必须是非现实的,而且灵魂并不是肉体
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But there's a part of us, perhaps the essential part of us, that is something more than the physical, the spiritual, immaterial part of us, which as I say in this class we'll call a soul.
我们身体中有一部分，可能是重要的，比身体重要的，精神上的，非物质的部分，就像我在这里说的灵魂。
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As I said, we've been considering different kinds of arguments for the existence of a soul, each of which appeals to some feature about us-- our creativity, our ability to feel, the fact that we have a qualitative aspect of experience, our ability to reason-- what have you.
我说过,我们考察了各种各样,证明灵魂存在的论证,每一种都诉诸我们的某种特性,我们的创造性,我们的感知能力,当然还有我们定性方面的经验,我们推理的能力,诸如此类的
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Earlier the objection was, We had no good reason to think the soul was one of the building blocks from which we're composed; we have no good reason to think it's one of the pieces that was around before our body got put together, before our birth.
早一点的反驳意见是,我们没有好的理由来相信灵魂,是组成我们的一个基础部件,我们没有好的理由去相信它是,在我们出生前,身体形成前就存在的部分之一
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Because we won't be able to tell,looking at it from the outside, which one really has Shelly Kagan's soul.
因为我们无法从外部判断，哪个人持有Shelly，Kagan的灵魂。
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All right,so now we ask ourselves, According to the soul theory,which one is Shelly Kagan?
好了，我们扪心自问，根据灵魂理论，哪一个才是Shelly，Kagan呢？
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Well,it depends which one ended up with Shelly Kagan's soul.
这就取决于谁得到了Shelly，Kagan的灵魂。
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