If you have a quantity which is constant over any closed path, that quantity is a thermodynamics state function.
如果有一个物理量,对任何闭合回路积分是常数,这个物理量就是一个热力学态函数。
They have these things called tiger tails which you like, tie onto your pants and it's like "I'm a little tiger."
他们有这些被称作“老虎尾巴”的东西,当你把它系到你的裤子上,你自己就仿佛是只“小老虎”。
We have a system, which you say it really-- The progressive tax system is very important but it's not conceptualized right.
我们有个制度,你们都觉得-,累进税制非常重要,但它被错误的概念化了。
now you have this object which is going to tell you whether other things are in thermal equilibrium now.
现在你有了一个可以告诉你,其他物体是否处于,热平衡的物体。
And there's a lot of social psychology research as to the conditions in which you have to bring them together.
很多社会心理学研究,研究他们发生接触的环境。
So, which has the smallest energy that you have to put in in order to eject this electron?
也就是,哪一项为了打出一个电子,所需要注入的能量最少?
We have to ask oursleves when Socrates puts his argument forward, which of these you have in mind?
我们要问问自己当苏格拉底,提出自己论点的时候,他脑中的是这三个中的哪一个?
It's useful to have the average acceleration, which you can find by taking similar differences of velocities.
平均加速度也是很有用的,你可以用类似方法,取速度的变化量求出来
So this is a little scale that if you put something here or here it's supposed to tell you which one is heavier and I also have 8 cups here.
这是一个小天平,如果你在这边,或者这边放一些东西,它就会显示哪边的更重,我这有8个杯子。
In a way, this call for that which is new is worldwide; at the same time you have Ezra Pound among the high Modernists in the West saying, "Make it new," as his slogan.
这在一定程度上引起了全球追求新奇的热潮;,在同一历史时期我们还能看到,西方后现代主义诗人埃兹拉·庞德将,让事物新奇起来,是他的口号。
But then also a little bit about your history, where you come from, some of your experiences which have helped you or informed your opinions on this very difficult issue that the entire world really is spending a lot of time trying to work on.
然后再谈谈你们各自的经历,你们从何而来,谈一些你们自己的经历,一些帮助过你们,或形成了你们,就这个复杂问题的观点,这个全世界都在投入大量时间试图解决的问题。
I don't even have to ask which one you liked most.
我都不用问你们最喜欢哪个。
GDP Furthermore, Reagan reduced spending as a proportion of gross domestic product and Clinton reduced it even further You have a bipartisan achievement which alas in the current circumstances it slips.
另外,里根根据,按比例削减了政府开支,到克林顿执政时,开支进一步减少了,这是两党共同努力的结果,不过可惜如今已不复存在了。
You're an indignant angel, so you have the payoffs that are still there and you're playing against an evil git, which is the payoffs we covered up but we'll reproduce them.
你是愤怒天使,你的收益还是这些,你要和自私鬼博弈,他的收益被档上了,我再重新写一下
I want to just highlight what's in Chapter 2, because I told you we're not going to cover the details in Chapter 2 in the course, but I give it to you as a resource so that you you might have other books which describe this which you like, and you've read already and so but I'm going to assume that you understand this information to some extent.
我想强调第二章的内容,因为我告诉过你们,课堂上不会细讲第二章,但我会把它作为阅读材料给你们,你们可能已经有讲述相关内容的书,这些书你们喜欢看,并且已经看过了,我就当你们,在一定程度上理解了这些知识
and then you also have the smaller, you know like, three or four-story homes which one family may occupy.
然后你也有那种小一些的,只有三四层楼的,一个家庭就可以占据的房子。
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