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We said before that in Western music we have musical notation.
我们以前说过,在西方的音乐里有音乐记谱法
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And we have a massive music venue in the north of England called the Sage,
在英格兰北部，我们有一个巨大的音乐场所叫做赛捷。
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But maybe even before we can recognize the syntax of music, we have to figure out what a phrase is.
但是也许在我们认识音乐的句法之前,我们需要先弄清这些乐句是什么
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Programs that can produce music that have-- that we recognize as music, that have melodic structure and develop themes, resolve, music that nobody's heard before.
这些程序可以生成,我们认可的音乐,这些音乐具有旋律形态和递进的主题,有转为和音的章节,而且从未有人听到过这些音乐
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I have caters and we have live music.
我们准备了吃的，还有现场音乐。
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Today we have different kinds of music to substitute for the flute but you get the point.
今天我们听不同的音乐,取代了长笛,但你可以想象一下。
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Oh, then we have one for music,
哦，我们还有给音乐的，
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The second rhythmic device that we have to be aware of in music we frequently encounter is this concept of the triplet.
音乐中第二个需要知道的节奏符号,就是我们经常遇到的三连音
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In any event, in music we have different strands and these strands can be organized in different ways.
不管怎样,在音乐中有不同的线,而这些线可以用不同的方式组织
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They might say for that sort of music: "All right. We're now going to have a thirty-two-bar solo.
他们会事先交流好要演出一段怎样的乐章,好吧,我们要出一段三十二小节的独奏曲
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And, as we said before, music has a syntax so that these phrases have to be in a-- arranged in a particular way that makes sense.
就如我们曾经提到的,音乐具有语法,这些乐句必须,以特有方式排列,才有意义
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They tend to be just triads whereas in classical music we can have a triad but we can also add a seventh note with one,three,five,seven,nine,eleven, that kind of thing.
流行乐一般只用三和弦，但是古典乐可以用三和弦,也可以在上面加上七音，一，三，五，七，九，十一，诸如此类的。
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Now, we're going to listen to a piece of music here from the tradition of classical India and I thought we might have a sitar player in here.
现在,我们要听一段,传统的印度古典音乐,我原以为我们能请来一位锡塔尔琴手
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We have to write a short music paper.
还得写一个短篇的音乐论文
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Well, it's not memorized as we think of it and you may have had music lessons along the way and your teacher and your mother said "Go memorize your piece." It's not memorized like that.
这完全不是想我们猜想的那样是靠死记硬背的,也许你上音乐课的时候,你的老师或和你妈妈会说,记下这一段,而这段音乐不是像那样靠死记硬背的
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If you've read through that material and you should have read through it by now you know that we have a value in music.
如果你通读这个材料,现在你应该也已经通读过了这一部分,你应该知道我们的音乐中有一种音符值
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So in music what has happened is that we have organized this steady stream of beats in ways that we can understand.
因此在音乐里,我们用可以理解的方式,把这些稳定的一连串拍进行重组
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All of these we'll have to be thinking about as we listen to music in this course.
所有这些都是我们在上这门课程中,聆听音乐时需要思考的
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So tone poems are one in movement, and we have got other kinds of genres in music.
交响诗都是单乐章的,所以我们又了解到一种音乐风格
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We have the difference between conjunct music with the and disjunct music and that perhaps adds to the unsettled quality of the beethoven Fifth Symphony.
我们发现存在着不同,当级进混合着跳进时,也许正是这样的处理突出渲染了,贝多芬第五交响曲中的不安氛围
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We have it in music. We have it in history.
我们在音乐中也有,我们在历史上也有
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It gives a sense of what this music is all--really all about and since, as we were saying, so much classical music doesn't have a text with it we've got to have some markers in there to know what the composer is trying to communicate to us.
让我们了解这段音乐想表达什么，就像我说的，大部分古典音乐并没有文字注解，而我们需要一些标记,来告诉我们作曲家想用这段音乐告诉我们什么。
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This is the pulse of music and music theorists ever since the late fifteenth century from music theory Francinus Gafurius on we could go all the way back then have said that the pulse in music is basically at the same tempo as the human pulse which comes out to be about oh, we'll say seventy-two beats if you will, pulses, per minute.
这是音乐的脉搏,从十五世纪晚期到现在的音乐理论家们,像弗朗西斯·加福瑞,我们回到那个年代,那时就曾说过,音乐的律动,和人类的脉搏节奏基本一致,就是说相当于,我们说如果是你的脉搏的话,每分钟七十二下左右
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Well,if you go back to the formation of musical notation from the ninth through the twelfth centuries we see that very early on these two dimensions of music the two axes of music that we talked about before pitch vertically and duration horizontally, are in place and we have these spots in this grid.
回顾一下从公元九世纪至二十世纪,音乐记谱法的历史形成过程,我们可以看出,音乐的两个维度,就是我们之前提到的音乐的两个轴,纵轴是音高,横轴是时值,在早期已经存在了,我们在这样的网格上用点记录
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You've got to have a text and so we don't have--in eighty percent of classical music-- we don't have lyrics; we don't have a text.
你得有文字,而百分之八十的古典乐中却没有,没有歌词,没有文字
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