And I think it's impossible not to see that when Milton substitutes the virtue charity with the far more circumscribed ideal of chastity.

而我认为当弥尔顿把更加局限的贞操去代替局限的仁爱时,这不可能读不出来,虽然贞洁更加局限。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

If both these firms are producing bottled water and it's identical, then the goods themselves are substitutes.

如果两家公司生产同质的瓶装水,那么它们的产品是可以互相替代的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

Strategic substitutes is a strategy, is a statement about the nature of the game.

策略替代是一种策略,这是对于博弈性质的一种描述

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So as far as the consumers are concerned, these two products are perfect substitutes.

对于消费者而言,这两种商品是完全替代品

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

The reason the mafia thrives in countries where it's hard to write legal contracts-- let's say some new parts of the former Soviet Union or some parts of Africa the reason the mafia thrives in those environments, is that it substitutes for the law and enforces both legal and illegal contracts.

黑恶势力在那些,书面协议不受保护国家不断壮大,比如前苏联新成员国 或者非洲,为什么黑恶势力在这些地方发展壮大,因为这是法律强制力的补充,它维系所有合同,不管是不是合法的

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选

So strategic substitutes is telling me that my strategy is a strategic substitute of your strategy if the more I do at my strategy, the less you want to do of yours and conversely, the more you want to do of your strategy, the less I want to do of mine.

策略替代就是说,我的策略是你的策略的一种替代策略,我的策略实施越多,你的策略就会实施越少,反之,你的策略实施越多我的策略就越少

耶鲁公开课 - 博弈论课程节选