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plastic The good prejudice is our prior awareness that plastic meant something different in the eighteenth century than it means now.
好偏见是我们预先知道,在十八世纪的意思与今天的不同。
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Another way into this problem: let's look at the comments that Dr. Johnson made about Milton's Lycidas in the eighteenth century.
看这个问题的另一个角度：让我们看看,约翰逊博士在18世纪队弥尔顿的《利西达斯》所做的评论。
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Now the brokerage industry-- The New York Stock Exchange goes back into the eighteenth century, it's very old.
经纪行业历史悠久...,纽约股票交易所历史悠久,成立于18世纪
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Stuff that the eighteenth century farmer made for him and herself now you bought from a peddler or you bought from a store in town.
8世纪的农民,自给自足的东西,现在他们从商贩那儿购买,或者到城里的商店购买
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Now as yet we haven't said anything about literature, and the fact is there is no hermeneutic art devoted to literature during the early modern period and for most of the eighteenth century.
到现在为止我们还没有讲到文学，在现代的早期和18世纪大部分时候,都没有任何关于文学的诠释学研究。
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Progress in the eyes of the philosophers of the eighteenth century, though they would have been very angry to hear me say this, was something like the equivalent of the Christian hope for immortality.
进步在十八世纪的哲学家眼中,尽管他们也许会对我的说法很不满,与基督教对永生的信仰类似
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If you wanted something, and this is still true in France today, it doesn't do any good to go to the local notable, like you did in the eighteenth century and say, "hey,monsieur,the little guy, it would be great if we had a school."
如果你想要什么东西,这在今天的法国仍然是事实,去当地的贵族那里绝无收获,就像是你在十八世纪的时候说,"嘿,小子,如果我有一所学校就再好不过了"
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Well, I guess it's the problem that people who teach the eighteenth-century novel always have, or the Victorian novel: the Victorian novel like the triple-decker, the three-volume novel.
好吧，我猜这个问题是,讲授十八世纪小说,或维多利亚时期小说的人经常遇到的：,像维多利亚时期的三层小说，三卷本小说。
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But it was until at least the eighteenth or nineteenth century the most famous democracy that ever existed.
但至少直到,18，19世纪之前,雅典都是史上最著名的民主圣地。
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The strings are now metallic but sixteenth, seventeenth to eighteenth century they would have been made out of cat or sheep gut.
弦现在是金属的,但在十六,十七,到十八世纪,弦是用猫肠或羊肠线制作的
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And we see in the poem itself an anticipation of the struggle that results eventually in the eighteenth century in the new title of the mask.
我们看到，诗本身是一个预期的斗争,在18世纪面具的新标题中最终出现了。
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He's the friend of women everywhere, at least for a few of his female readers in the eighteenth century, and for many he's the very embodiment of oppressive patriarchy.
他到处都有女人缘，至少在18世纪他有不少女性读者，但对很多人来说他是压抑的男权主义的象征。
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Okay. Famously, Dr. Johnson couldn't bear this poem, Lycidas - Dr. Johnson, the greatest of all literary critics of the eighteenth century.
好的，众所周知，约翰逊博士受不了《利西达斯》这首诗,-约翰逊博士，18世纪最伟大的文学评论家。
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Of course, with large-scale industrialization, which begins in the middle of the eighteenth century, you'll see this dramatic shift up to the north.
当然,随着大规模的工业化,在十八世纪中期的兴起,你会发现北方的戏剧性转变
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Then as the eighteenth century wears on, you begin to get the sense as is well known and I think often overstated you begin to get a cult of genius.
8世纪逐渐过去,浪漫主义的出现,开始涌现出一大批天才。
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I don't want to exaggerate this too much but the largest riots in Britain in the eighteenth century are not the riots for political reform at all.
我不想过多地夸张,但十八世纪英国最大的暴乱,完全不是关于政治改革
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The great creator knew in the eighteenth century that some day plastic would mean polymer, right?
他在18世纪就知道了,哪一天“plastic“也会有“假肢“的意思？
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But at some point in the eighteenth century, the mask seemed informally to acquire an alternative title, Comus, and it's as Comus that all readers since have almost always referred to the mask -- and this, of course, is a mistake.
但在18世纪的某个时候，《面具》似乎还有一个不太正式的名，《Comus》,因为《Comus》，后来读者都将它代指《面具》了,当然这是一个错误。
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There were certain localized slave societies in East Africa, out of Zanzibar by the eighteenth and nineteenth century.
8至19世纪的东非除了桑吉巴之外,都存在小范围的奴隶社会
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