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Fat has twice the calories per unit weight that protein or carbohydrate sugar has, as a consequence, has the greatest survival value.
单位重量中脂肪的热量含量,是蛋白质和碳水化合物的两倍,因此,脂肪才是最能维持生存的物质
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But also, switching out the trans fat in another kind of fat doesn't change the calories at all.
同样地,用其它的脂肪来代替,反式脂肪酸不会改变食物的总热量
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It turns out everything around us moves energy around in one way or the other If you're a biological system, you're burning calories, burning ATP.
我们周围的一切物质,都以这样那样的方式传递着能量,如果你是一个生物系统，你会燃烧卡路里，燃烧。
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As a consequence, and of course there's stuff on them and in them that changes the calories.
当然里面还夹了别的配料,使得卡路里更高
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As I mentioned before, fat has twice the calories per unit weight as protein and carbohydrate.
如我之前所说,单位重量中脂肪的热量含量,是蛋白质和碳水化合物的两倍
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And when you start jamming sugar and fat into things, the calories add up really fast.
而且当人们向食品中添加糖和脂肪时,卡路里含量猛增
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By the way, for the Grande Salad, how many of you underestimated the calories in that?
对了,关于大份沙拉,你们中多少人低估了热量
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And what they found was they underestimated by 200-600 calories, the calories in these foods.
结果,营养学家们把这些食物的卡路里,低估了200到600卡
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People--the fat content will vary a lot, and hence, the calories will vary a lot.
脂肪含量有很大差别,因此,热量差别也很大
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If we look at our different foods and we look at the calories and the fat and how it all stacks up, here's what you get.
让我们看看刚才提到的食物,看看卡路里和脂肪,数据累积相加,这是得到的结果
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So, how well can you estimate the calories in things?
那么,你们是否能很好地估测卡路里呢
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Now here, they weren't estimating the calories they were just doing reports of how much physical activity they got and then the investigators calculated the calories and then the graph was created here.
说一下,实验对象没有实际估测卡路里,他们只是将运动量汇报给研究者,然后研究者进行计算,研究者绘制了这表格
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So this is the percent error and what you see here is that if the number is below the zero line it means people underestimated the calories, and the bars that go above means people overestimated the calories.
这是百分比误差,你们看,如果数字低于零,这表示人们低估了卡路里,高于零表示人们高估了卡路里
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So you could have--be consuming fat that is in itself good for heart health let's say, or maybe protective against cancer in some ways, but it's also adding calories to the diet, so you want to have the optimal amount of fat and not over-consume it because of the calories.
所以你可能是在食用,有益于你心脏健康的脂肪,打个比方,又或是在某种程度上可以抗癌,但它也给你的饮食增加了热量,因此为了减少热量应该食用适量,而非过量的脂肪
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But also you'd think that if there was a group of people that really had been attending the calories it would be this group, because very few people who come in for weight loss are doing it for the first time, so almost everybody has been on lots of different dietary attempts and somewhere along the line they've been doing calories.
想一想,如果世界上还有一群人,真正关注卡路里的话,那就是肥胖人群,因为那些参加减肥项目的人中,很少有人是第一次参加,几乎人人都进行过多次不同的饮食控制,他们也尝试过计算卡路里减肥
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Here are humans who had to walk long distances potentially to find the food, kill the food at great risk to themselves; inspiring a cascade of physiological effects that have to do with fear and arousal and things like that, not to mention all the calories one would burn doing this kind of activity.
这些人可能需要走很远的路,去寻找食物,冒着巨大危险,杀死猎物,人们耗费能量以激活一系列生理效应,用以战胜恐惧,引发斗志,更不用说人们在狩猎的过程中,消耗的卡路里量了
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