Basically, injecting it into some test subjects, making sure that they didn't get diseased from it and looking at antibody responses to see if it worked and it did.

他们把疫苗接种到测试对象体内,确定接种者不会感染疾病,同时观察抗体的应答反应,了解疫苗是否有效

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

They do extremely well on the first test and conclude that chemistry is in the bank and they can focus on the other subjects.

它们在首次考试中取得了好成绩,总的来说化学是根基,他们可以在其他事情上投入精力。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选