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Often a good thing to start with is to put the lowest ionization energy atom in the middle, and if you don't have charge separation then go with that structure, but if you do find you have a lot of separation, such as the case in negative 2, positive 2, and minus 1, then you want to say wait a second, this is really bad in terms of formal charge, let me go ahead and see what other options I have here.
通常一开始把电离能最低的原子,放在中心位置就很好了，如果你发现电荷没有分开,那么这个结构就没问题了，但是如果你发现有很多分开的电荷，比如这种情况，有负二，正二和负一，那么你会想要说等一下，从形式电荷来看这很不好，让我去看看其它可能的选择。
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So in terms of the first step of skeletal structure, this is actually going to be easier because we don't have a central atom, we just have carbon and nitrogen here.
对于第一步画出骨架，其实比刚才更容易,因为我们没有一个中心原子，我们这里只有碳和氮两个原子。
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There was a lot of physics going on, but we didn't know a whole lot about atomic structure back in those days.
物理学在迅速发展，但在这之前并没有人对,原子结构有很全面的了解。
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Now we have uncovered something about the form, the structure, of Tony the Tow Truck in saying this, but we haven't discovered or uncovered a thing about the meaning of Tony the Tow Truck.
我们现在已经讨论了一些关于，托尼的拖车,的形式和结构，但是还没有讲到,它的含义理解。
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So here are their payoffs and once again the basic structure of the game hasn't changed.
这就是他们的收益,这次博弈的基本结构还是不变
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The Fed has these auctions but it auctions them off at what price the public will pay, so the Fed doesn't determine the term structure.
联储局公开拍卖债券,但只有当公众愿意以特定价格支付时,这些债券才能成交,所以联储局不能决定期限结构
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So they like to be in the membrane and they're stable there and they won't come out because their structure allows them to exist in these unique spaces.
所以它们在膜里稳定存在,而且也不会脱离膜,因为这些蛋白质的结构使其能存在于,磷脂双分子层这个独特的环境中
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Now in Kaufman's view the similarities, therefore, between the Israelites and Ancient Near Eastern religion and cultures that everyone was so busily finding and celebrating, these were in the end similarities in form and external structure, appearance. They weren't essential similarities.
在考夫曼看来，人们苦苦寻找的,犹太与古近东宗教文化的相似点,只是在形式和外部结构上相同罢了,这些并不是必要的。
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It's easy to write the skeletal structure, because it's all oxygen, we don't have to worry about what's going to go in the middle.
画它的骨架结构很容易，因为它们都是氧原子，我们不需要担心哪个原子在中间的问题。
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913 And, he didn't publish anything related to the Lewis structure until about 1912 or 1913.
直到1912或,他都没有出版任,何与路易斯结构式有关的东西。
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Lewis Raise your hand if you didn't have time to figure out the Lewis structure.
没时间画出,结构的同学请举手。
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So, you can see the term structure doesn't go up between overnight and three months.
从隔夜拆借利率到三月远期利率这段区间内,利率期限结构没有上扬
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The shell structure which people hadn't even thought of.
壳状结构,之前人们从未想到过。
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It is both that which organizes a structure and that which isn't really qualified to organize anything, because it's not in the structure; it's outside the structure, something that imposes itself from without like a cookie cutter on the structure, right?
它既组织结构,又不真正地具有组织任何事物的资格，因为它不在结构之中，而是在结构之外，它将自己强加于结构之上,而不是像一个饼干成形切割刀一样，是吗？
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I don't know these things personally, but it's my understanding that the whole structure is suffering some moral hazard problems and that they're evolving and trying to improve the institutions.
我没有亲身考察过，但我的理解是,这整个体系遭遇着道德风险的挑战,并且人们不断改进,尝试着改善机制。
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So you--it doesn't--this theory doesn't say a whole lot about what the term structure will look like but it suggests that it's determined by the interplay of lots of economic factors.
这个理论没有详细说明期限结构,期限结构是什么样子的,但它指出了这是由,经济因素间的相互作用决定的
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He said that we shouldn't think that the-- the simplest story of the term structure of interest rates, which he expounded there, is that forward rates equal expected future interest rates.
他提出,我们不应该认为,他在书中写道,对于利率期限结构,最简略的概括,是远期利率等于未来利率的期望值
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What you'll actually find in terms of asking your TAs about the Lewis structure rules is that sometimes they won't be as good at them as you are, and the reason is once you've drawn enough of these structures, you start to get a lot of chemical intuition about it just looks wrong to you if it's wrong.
其实如果大家去问助教,路易斯结构的规则是什么的话,你会发现他们有时候可能并不比你们记得更清楚，因为一旦你画过足够多的路易斯结构，你就会开始获得很多化学直觉,如果它是错的，那么对你来说它看起来就是错的。
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So it's really neat to think that your counterparts 100 years ago right here at MIT could have been sitting in a class where they had Lewis as their lecturer, and he's putting forth these ideas -- these are actually his lecture notes, even though it wasn't even published yet, and giving this idea of Lewis structure, which is exactly what we keep using today in order to make a lot of these predictions.
因此会有很棒的感觉，当想一想一百年以前像你们一样,在这上学的同学可能正坐在教室里,听路易斯讲课，而他正在提出这些想法-,-而这些正是他的课堂讲义，尽管当时还没有发表，但已经给出了路易斯结构的思想，这正是我们直到今天都一直在用的,用它来做很多预测。
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So, let's just arbitrarily put it between these two in this case here, but actually there's no reason we couldn't also put it between oxygen b and c, so I'm going to draw another structure where we have it here.
那么，让我们任意地将它们放在这两个之间，但实际上我们没有理由,不能把它们放在氧原子，B，与，C，之间，因此我将把另外一个结构画在这里。
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you can look on your notes, C it also says structure a, b, and c on your notes, so you didn't need to have just memorized that slide.
大家可以看你们的讲义，讲义上也把它们叫做结构，A，B，和，因此大家不需要去记那张幻灯片。
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In class on Monday, we did go over the geometries, and the geometries themselves are very straightforward, once you know what the Lewis structure is, but remember, you can't just always look at a molecule and automatically know the Lewis structure.
在周一的课上，我们讲过了几何形状，一旦你们知道了Lewis结构，这些几何形状是十分直接的，但记住，你不能总是仅仅看一眼,分子就知道它的Lewis结构。
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