It's interesting that Milton certainly begins this headnote with suggesting directly to us that it's Milton speaking and not a fictional uncouth swain.

弥尔顿在开头就清楚明了的告诉我们,在吟诵诗歌的人是他，而不是某个粗鄙的年轻人,这非常有意思。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

At the very end of the poem, the uncouth swain "rose, and twitch't his Mantle blue: tomorrow to fresh Woods and Pastures new."

在诗歌的最后，这个粗鄙的年轻人吟唱到,“慢慢上升，挥动了他蔚蓝色的丝巾“,向崭新的牧场和森林眺望明天“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Lycidas' death -- remember this is the poem that Milton didn't want to write, he was "forc'd" to write it -Lycidas' death allows the uncouth swain to grow up and to move on.

利西达斯的死-记住这是一首,弥尔顿并不想完成的诗，他是被迫的,使得这个粗鄙的年轻人能够成长并继续前进。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

He could have begun Lycidas with this, with something like a description of the uncouth swain: "Oh, let me tell you about this uncouth swain."

他可以以类似于对粗鄙的年轻人的描写,来开始叙述：,“让我告诉你，那个粗鄙的年轻人吧“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Then he could tell us the mournful lay that the uncouth swain sang, and then he could say, "Thus sang the uncouth swain."

然后他可以告诉我们这个年轻吟唱的哀悼诗，然后说，“粗鄙的青年人吟唱着“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

We don't actually hear John Milton until we hear this line: "Thus sang the uncouth swain."

直到这行诗我们才听到了弥尔顿的声音：,“歌颂着粗鄙的青年人“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Thus sang" -- these five words: "Thus sang the uncouth swain."

粗鄙的青年人向橡树和溪流吟唱着“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

We didn't know this. It has been spoken by the uncouth swain, a rustic shepherd.

我们对此并不了解，这首诗是由一个粗鄙的年轻人，一个村夫牧羊人叙述的。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

The sun that was just dropped into the west or the uncouth swain?

是这个刚刚沉入海湾的太阳还是那个粗鄙的年轻人？

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

This is the first moment, right now, "thus sang the uncouth swain."

这是第一次，“粗鄙的青年人吟唱着“

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

There wasn't an uncouth swain at the beginning.

开头并没有一个粗鄙的年轻人。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Look at line 113. This is where Peter is addressing Edward King himself: How well could I have spared for thee, young swain, Enough of such as for their bellies' sake, Creep and intrude and climb into the fold?

看第113行，这是彼得自己提到爱德华金的地方：,年轻人，我该如何宽恕你，我对你的宽恕如此之多，你却硬要堕入信徒的深渊？

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Everything that we had thought that Milton was telling us in the lyric present -- telling us directly, now -- suddenly gets shoved back into the narrative past: "thus sang the uncouth swain." The past tense is important there.

我们想过的弥尔顿在这首抒情诗里,直接告诉我们的所有事，现在，都突然在过去的旁白中一涌而现了：,“吟唱着粗鄙的青年人“，这里的过去时态很重要。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Now we learn, of course, by the second half of this line ; that it has to be the uncouth swain who rose and twitched his mantle blue; but for a moment the "he" in line 192 seems to be able to refer to either the poet or the sun.

现在我们要学习这句话的第二部分,这里的太阳指代的是那个年轻人;,但是某一刻，在192行的“他“,似乎指的是诗人自己亦或是太阳本身。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选