It's just minus the sum of all these things, because of course these are just defined as the work done by the environment to the system.

等于负的这些东西的和，因为它们的定义是,环境对系统所做的功。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

In fact, there are some very old books that show this as the average, the sum divided by two arithmetic mean, but the modern practice is to use the geometric mean.

事实上，一些很老的书籍上,平均的定义就是算数意义的，总的来说被分为两种算数意义，但现代我们多用几何意义。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

And what's important to keep in mind about formal charge is if we have a neutral atom, such as we did in thionyl chloride here, the sum of the individual formal charges on individual atoms within the molecule have to equal 0.

而关于形式电荷记住一点是很重要的,那就是如果我们有一个中性原子，比如亚硫酰氯，那么这个分子中的所有原子的,形式电荷之和应该等于零。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

A mobile army of metaphors, metonymies, anthropomorphisms in short, a sum of human relations which became poetically and rhetorically intensified," "and are now no longer of account as coins but are debased."

一支由暗喻，转喻，拟人组成的机动部队,简单来说，人们之间的关系,诗意般地在修辞上加强了“,人们之间的关系不再值钱，而被贬低了“

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选

When I give you multiple of i and another multiple of i, there's some has got as its coefficient the sum of the two coefficients.

如果我给你两个不同 i 矢量的倍数,就可以得到某个矢量,且它的系数是这两个系数的和

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选