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You got cholesterol, sodium, carbohydrate here, broken down as fiber and sugars, and that's very helpful information to know.
这里还有胆固醇,钠及碳水化合物含量,碳水化合物又被细分为膳食纤维和糖,这也是很有用的信息
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Well, as you might guess, we eat too much of the simple sugars and the disaccharide sugars and we eat too little of the complex carbohydrates.
如你所想,我们摄取了过多单糖和二糖,而摄入的多糖太少
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Diabetics whose pancreas does not function properly, so don't make enough insulin, don't have enough insulin present for normal glucose metabolism so they can't handle sugars properly.
糖尿病人的胰脏功能失调,因此胰岛素分泌不足,影响了正常的血糖代谢,所以他们不能正常地调节血糖
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Are we eating too much or too little of these different classes of sugars?
那我们是过多还是过少地,摄入了这些不同类别的糖类呢
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It's not so important that you know which sugars fall under each of these categories, but it is important to know that there are different categories of sugars.
分清哪些糖属于哪个种类,对你们来说并不重要,但是知道糖有不同种类却很重要
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Under the monosaccharides, glucose, fructose and galactose are the sugars.
单糖包括,葡萄糖,果糖,以及半乳糖
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Disaccharides, where you have several sugars paired together, are maltose, sucrose, and lactose; and then you can see to the right of the sugars themselves which things are paired in this case.
二糖,即两种单糖结合而成的,包括麦芽糖,蔗糖,以及乳糖,你们可以看到这些二糖本身是由右边的,单糖两两相结合而得到
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Let's start with carbohydrates. Sugars, in other words.
我们从碳水化合物,即糖类开始
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Carbohydrate has really shifted, and so people are eating more calories from carbohydrate before, sugars primarily, and that is coming primarily from added sugar, or that's at least one of the primary contributors.
碳水化合物也有明显的变化,比前人更多的从碳水化合物中摄取热量,以糖类为主,也就是说主要是添加糖类的食物,至少这是主要的来源之一
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Sugars come from many sources.
糖存在于很多食物中
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If you followed a diet where you ate less junk food and ate more fruits and vegetables, for example, just those two little rules you would help shift around this balance of sugars in a way that would benefit health.
如果你遵循一个饮食原则,比如,少吃垃圾食品多吃水果和蔬菜,仅仅这么简单的两条,就会在一定程度上帮你调节糖类摄取平衡,这个对健康有好处
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Just as a note, I cued you about the level of detail I'm expecting you to acquire from class and from the readings, and I'm not so interested that you memorize those particular sugars and which category they fall under, but it is interesting to know that there are different types of sugars.
温馨提示,我会告诉大家我希望你们,能从课堂和阅读中学到的知识深度,我并不要求大家记住这些特殊的糖类,以及他们都属于哪个类别,但是知道有不同类型的糖是有必要的
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They're used by the body for pretty immediate energy where fat is a little bit more long-term energy, and there are many types of sugars-- and these are things that you've heard-- glucose and sucrose being the most common things that you can consume in ordinary foods, and then lactose of course, from milk.
碳水化合物被身体当做是直接能源,而脂肪则更像是一种长期能量,糖的种类有很多,这些类型你们已经听说过,葡萄糖和蔗糖是最常见的形态,你们可以在一般的食物中获取,乳糖,显然来自于乳类
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