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Certain double stranded RNA sequences will cause in the cell a process of degradation of very specific RNA sequence.
一些双链RNA序列能够在细胞中开启,特定RNA序列的降解程序
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Transcription just means making a single stranded RNA copy of a sequence of base pairs in a DNA.
转录的过程就是从一段DNA碱基序列中,复制出一段单链RNA
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The end result of transcription is not double stranded DNA, it's single stranded RNA where the RNA that's produced is called messenger RNA.
最终的转录产物并非双链的DNA,而是单链的RNA,称为信使RNA
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It's very important in the biological operation of human cells and that step is RNA splicing, or processing of this RNA, single stranded RNA that's produced by transcription.
而这对人类细胞生物运作至关重要,这个步骤就是RNA剪接,或者说是对RNA的加工,对转录出的单链RNA进行加工的步骤
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It turns out to activate RNA interference, you deliver double stranded RNA.
要激活RNA干扰效应的话,可以将双链RNA转进细胞
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The end result is you can design now very specific double stranded RNA sequences, that when delivered into cells again will activate this process of natural degradation of an existing messenger RNA.
最终的结果是,你现在能够设计针对性很强的,双链RNA序列,当这段序列被转入细胞后会激活,对已有信使RNA进行降解的过程
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Now the nice thing about this is that the degradation mechanisms seem to persist for some period of time, beyond the time at which you deliver the double stranded RNA; whereas, obviously, this mechanism here is only going to exist for as long as the anti-sense sequence is present.
而好消息是降解过程会持续一段时间,比你转入双链RNA的时间要长,但是,这种机制只会在,有反义链的时候发挥作用
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It turns out that we can do that now because we have an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, which is able to take single stranded messenger RNA and make DNA out of it.
我们现在已经可以做到这一点了,因为我们有了反转录酶,反转录酶可以用,单链的mRNA创造出DNA
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Well, what if you knew the sequence for the messenger RNA that made insulin and you designed another single stranded DNA or RNA molecule that was the exact opposite, or the exact compliment, I should say, of that strand?
那么,如果你知道了,合成胰岛素的mRNA的序列,并设计一段与其序列完全相反的,DNA或者RNA分子,应该说是完全互补的一段分子
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