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That's why people are so excited about embryonic stem cells because in nature they become all the cells of the body.
这就是为什么胚胎干细胞如此让人激动,因为它的天然功能就是变成所有身体细胞
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And unfortunately, in order to get those stem cells, that requires killing the embryo.
而不幸的是，要想得到这些干细胞，就需要杀死胚胎。
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This is one of the very important areas that still is not completely understood in stem cell biology.
这是一个干细胞生物学领域的重要课题,至今仍未完全明确
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The other pathway that I think is very promising is now to use stem cell generated cells in culture dishes to use them for high throughput drug screening now we can test thousands of different drugs without killing so many animals.
第二个目标的前景相当广阔,我们可以用干细胞,在培养皿中大量繁殖各种细胞,用于大剂量的药物试验,让你无需屠戮动物,就能进行各种药物试验。
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There's a lot of interest in bone marrow and the stem cells that come from bone marrow and there's a couple of reasons for this.
人们对骨髓以及从骨髓中,提取的干细胞有着浓厚的兴趣,这其中有多种原因
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One of the differences in stem cell populations that you will hear about is you hear about embryonic stem cells and you hear about adult stem cells.
干细胞之间的一个区别,你可能听说过的,那就是既有胚胎干细胞,也有成人干细胞
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It's this - its cells in this region here, this inner cell mass that that's the source of embryonic stem cells, cells from inner cell mass here.
就是这个,在这片区域的胚胎细胞,即内细胞群,而胚胎干细胞的来源所在,就是源自这里的内细胞群
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Adult stem cells are acquired in some fashion from an adult organism.
成人干细胞是用某些方式,从成人体内提取的
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In terms of function they're very important because this stem cell which is produced goes back into the population of stem cells and is able to repeat this process to form new committed progenitor cells and to form new stem cells.
但就功能而言这些干细胞则至关重要,因为这类分裂产生的子细胞,依然是干细胞,可以再次重复上述步骤,生成新的定向祖细胞,和新的干细胞
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That's a lot of the literature of stem cells that you'll read about, taking a particular source of stem cell and nurturing it in such a way that it gains potentials that it didn't have necessarily when it was in the body, or exploiting those potentials that it wouldn't necessarily express.
现在你可以找到很多,有关干细胞的文献中讲到,提取一种特定来源的干细胞,通过特定的培养方法之后,它们会获得在体内不能获得的潜能,或者开拓一些在体内不能得到表达的潜能
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Well, it would be useful because if I could take cells from the skin, find stem cells in the skin and then de-differentiate them so that they were now capable of becoming liver, or brain, or things that they're not going to become in their normal site, then that could be a very powerful tool for medicine.
这是因为,如果我能取一些皮肤细胞,找一些皮肤干细胞,并将它们去分化,那它们就能分化成肝脏,大脑或其他一些,它们原本分化不出来的细胞,这可以成为一个医学利器
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Now, in the process of doing that they found some very rare stem cells that are called pluripotent, pluri just means many potencies.
如今在这种研究进行的过程中,他们发现了一些非常稀少的干细胞,称为多能干细胞,pluri这个前缀就是指很多能力
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There's a lot of interest in obtaining stem cells from the blood of the umbilical cord on birth.
从出生时的脐带血中取得一些干细胞,也很有趣
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Embryonic stem cells can give rise to every cell type in the body.
能分化出人体中,各种类型的细胞。
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Those stem cells from the blood are capable of becoming all those cells in the blood.
这些血液中的干细胞,能够成为任何血细胞
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We'll talk in a minute about stem cells that are involved in generation of blood and they develop and they live in the bone marrow.
我们一会儿要说到,和血细胞再生有关的干细胞,它们发育并储存在骨髓中
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