We have a system, which you say it really-- The progressive tax system is very important but it's not conceptualized right.
我们有个制度,你们都觉得-,累进税制非常重要,但它被错误的概念化了。
Sometimes I think it's bad there's a two-party system,
有时候我觉得两党制不怎么样,
Then we realize once again that we can only know what it is if we come to understand--in this case, probably, it's best to say a cultural system, understood as a semiosis, within which it appears.
这样我们就又明白了,只有在一个特定的文化系统中,我们才能认识一个符号。
You've got these warehouses along the canals and here's where the bankers-- the Dutch had the most, along with the English, had sophisticated banking system in the world.
你已经见过了这些运河旁的仓库了,这些银行家们,大部分来自于荷兰,同时也来自英国,他们拥有世界上最复杂的的银行系统
And so we talked very briefly last time about this business of antigen presentation, how your immune system-- one of the things that it does especially well, is recognize what's part of you and what's not part of you.
上次我们简单的提到过,有关抗原呈递的一些知识,你的免疫系统如何,这也是免疫系统尤其擅长的一点,就是识别哪些部分属于你,哪些不属于
Let's take a system. Under constant pressure T1 V1, going to a second -- this is the system, so let me write the system here.
我们建立一个系统1,在恒定的压强T1,V1,下,变成了另一个系统,-这个初始的系统让我把它写在这。
So in fact what happens inside of an object-oriented system, and particularly in init Python's object-oriented system, is the following.
面向对象系统的内部,尤其是在Python的面向,对象系统的内部的过程,就是如下的,当我们调用,它会去创建一个实例。
You could use language to describe music, talk about the--a musical language or art, or any communicative system, and there's actually nothing wrong with that.
也可用来描述音乐,即音乐语言,或是去描述艺术,或任何的交流系统,都是没问题的
That's why all these arguments that we all get into these days about third-party political candidates what do we really need in our political culture, what would break apart the stagnation of our two-party system, if that's what people want or put more directly, will Michael Bloomberg run or not?
这就是我们今天为何面对这些争论,关于第三方党派的候选人,也就是我们的政治文化中究竟需要什么,什么能打破我们两党制停滞不前的现状呢,如果这是人民所愿,或者更直接的说,迈克尔.布隆伯格的做法行得通吗
Now that's changing the more years that pass the more of you have 64-bit computers and the more servers have many, many gigabytes of RAM and so you need actually 64-bits, but for now let's assume a common system whereby a pointer just by definition of the homework is 32 bits.
现在计算机也在改变,也有更多的人,使用64位的计算机,更多的服务器有很多,很多G的内存,那样你就需要64位的,现在我们假设通常的系统中,根据家庭作业所定义的,一个指针为32位。
That's part of public finance--is learning how to modify the tax system so that it works pretty well.
公共财政学的一个课题就是,研究如何改进税收制度,使其更有效。
Those are the two biggest rating agencies in the U.S. today and they're extremely powerful organizations because they --Standard & Poor's also does letter grades, a slightly different system, but almost the same.
如今他们是美国最大的两家评级机构,而且他们是非常权威的组织,标准普尔也进行字母评级,体系上有些区别,但基本相同
We're going to talk about this kind of non-covalent interaction more when we talk about the immune system, because one example of ligand and receptors that's important in the immune system are antigens - foreign molecules, and antibodies - molecules that we produce.
当我们讲到免疫系统的时候,会更详细地谈到这种非共价化合反应,因为在免疫系统中,一个重要的配体受体结合反应,就是抗原,即外源分子,与抗体,这个人体自身产生的分子结合
Here's where the intelligence of the immune system comes in, is that these cytotoxic T-cells that are generated only kill cells that have this signal on it.
免疫系统的聪明之处就在此,这些细胞毒T细胞,只能杀死具有特殊标记信号的细胞
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