-
Because what it tells is that we can figure out exactly what the radius of an electron and a nucleus are in a hydrogen atom.
我们可以,准确的算出,氢原子中,电子。
-
The radius of the orbit, the energy of the system and the velocity of the electron, I am just going to present you the solutions.
是轨道的半径，系统的能量,以及电子的速度，我接下来会给你们讲解其方程的解法。
-
What I just spent many lectures discussing is the fact that we can not know how far away an electron is from the nucleus, so we can't actually know the radius of a certain atom.
我花了这么多课时所讨论的正是我们,不可能知道电子离原子核有多远这一事实，因此我们不可能知道某个原子的半径。
-
It's now got a different radius, same angle, so I just changed the radius of it.
我刚刚改变了它的半径，噢，但是对于笛卡尔形式来说。
-
That means, it can only be rattling around in a circle of radius R.
也就是说它只能,限制在一个半径为 R 的圆上运动
-
In other words, just want to know where the electron is somewhere within the shell radius of the ground state of atomic hydrogen anywhere.
换言之，我只是想知道,电子在哪,可以在氢原子基态下的半径,里面的任何地方。
-
The radius of the nucleus as compared to the radius of the entire atom is on the order of about one to 10,000.
原子核的半径,相对于整个原子的半径来说,是1比10000这个数量级。
-
Heck,he deserves to have his name on the board, Marsden So, Marsden concluded by his analysis that the radius of the nucleus, and this is Rutherford, by the way, coining this term.
见鬼，他的名字配写在黑板上，马斯登,马斯登根据分析得出,核的半径，这是卢瑟福，插一句，创造了这个术语。
-
So, essentially we're just breaking it up into two parts that can be separated, and the part that is only dealing with the radius, so it's only a function of the radius of the electron from the nucleus.
所以本质上我们把它写成,两个可分离的部分，这部分，只与半径有关，它仅仅是，电子,到核子距离的函数。
-
I could say I want to change the radius of this particular thing.
如果我去看看,这个点的极坐标形式。
-
Let's look first of all at the radius of the orbit.
首先是轨道半径。
-
We can actually have any radius, but some radii just have much, much smaller probabilities of actually being significant or not.
非常非常小，以至于,无关紧要,我们今天。
-
If I now say, I'm going to go ahead and change the radius of this, something, my polar form did it right, but what happened to the Cartesian form?
如果我现在说，我要去改变这里的半径,一些这样的操作，我的极坐标形式，进行了正确的改动？
-
So we haven't gotten to molecules yet, we're just talking about single atoms or single ions, but what's nice is just talking about this very straightforward principle of atomic radius.
我们还没有开始讲分子，我们仍然只是在讨论单个原子或离子，但它的好处在于可以讨论,这个关于原子半径的非常简单直接的原理。
-
And I just want to point out here in terms of things that you're responsible for, you should know that the most probable radius for a 1 s hydrogen atom is equal a nought.
在这里,我想要指出的是，你们要知道氢原子１ｓ轨道,最可能距离等于ａ０
-
In that case point p 1 doesn't correspond to this point, it actually corresponds to the point of radius 2 and angle 1, which is about here.
基本上也就是说这是第一个点1,这是第二个点，把它们的值加到一起,然后我就得到了目标点，好，这听起来挺不错的。
-
And the second point is of radius 3 and angle 1, which is up about there.
半径为2然后角度为1的一个点,也就是差不多在这儿，我认为为了确保我做的是。
-
So because we're feeling a stronger attractive force from the nucleus, we're actually pulling that electron in closer, which means that the probability squared of where the electron is going to be is actually a smaller radius.
因为我们能感到来自原子核,的更强的吸引力，我们实际上会将电子拉的更近，那意味着电子运动的,概率半径是,事实上是一个更小的半径。
-
So this is giving me now that template, better way of saying it, all right, a template now, for a point is x, y, radius, angle.
其他的方法来进行计算，但是这就是典型的我，要放置它们的地方，因此这就给了我一个模板。
-
n So the velocity is given by this product of the quantum number n Planck constant 2 pi mass of the electron time the radius of the orbit, which itself is a function of n.
速度是量子数,普朗克常数2π乘以轨道半径的值,它自身也是n的函数。
-
We'll then take a turn to talking about the periodic table, we'll look at a bunch of periodic trends, including ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity and atomic radius.
然后我们再开始讲元素周期表，我们会看到很多周期性规律，比如电离能，电子亲和能，电负性以及原子半径。
-
We talked about ionization energy, electron affinity, we talked about electronegativity, which is just kind of a combination of the first two, and then ended with atomic radius here.
我们讲了电离能的，电子亲和能的，还讲了电负性的，也就是前两个的组合，最后讲了原子半径的。
-
And all ion channels are selective for a single type of ion, and we can think about how that selectivity takes place, and that's where this idea of atomic radius is going to become very important.
所有的离子通道都是仅对某一种离子具有选择性的，而我们可以来想一想这种选择性是如何发生的，这也就是原子半径这个概念将会变得，非常重要的地方。
-
But the reality that we know from our quantum mechanical model, is that we can't know exactly what the radius is, all we can say is what the probability is of the radius being at certain different points.
我们不可能准确的知道,半径是多少，我们只能说，它在不同半径处，的概率是多少，这是,量子力学。
-
All right, so now we can move on to the start of today's notes, which is atomic radius.
好，现在我们可以开始讨论今天的讲义了，从原子半径开始。
-
We can make some substitutions here using some of the derivation on the previous board which will give us the Planck constant divided by 2 pi mass of the electron times the Bohr radius.
在这里我们也可以,用我以前在黑板上写过的一些词来取代它,得到的是普朗克常数除以2π电子质量,再乘以波尔半径。
-
R And we abbreviate that by calling it r, l by two quantum numbers, and an l as a function of little r, radius.
我们把它简称为，两个指定的量子数n和，它是半径小r的函数。
-
This includes atomic radius and the idea of isoelectronic atoms.
包括原子半径,以及等电子原子的概念。
-
And basically, what that means is you can actually find an electron anywhere going away from the nucleus, a0 but you're most likely to find that you have the highest probability at a distance of a sub nought, or the Bohr radius.
它说明，虽然你可以,在任何地方,找到电子，但在距离为,或者波尔半径的地方,找到电子,的概率最大，我说过。
-
So, these are two different definitions of how to think about atomic radius, but really what you find when these are measured is they come up with almost the identical values, so there are tables, you can look up of atomic radii and see these values, and you can trust them that, they work for both this definition and for this definition here, in most cases.
这就是,关于原子半径的两种不同的定义，但实际上你会发现按照这两种方法,测量出的值是相等的，因此有很多关于原子半径的表格，你可以通过查阅它找到这些值，你可以相信这些值，它们对于这两种定义都是适用的，在大多数情况下。
应用推荐