q1 The heat input is just q1, Q and we'll define that as capital Q.

输入的热是，我们把它定义为大写的。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Cp And delta T is given by the heat, which has to do with how much of the candle burnt, divided by the constant pressure heat capacity.

T等于热量q除以恒定的等压热容，其中热量与，蜡烛燃烧的多少相关。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

And because there is an explicit relationship between u, delta u, q and w, you can always find the easy way to derive the change in internal energy or the heat or the work.

因为Δu，q和w之间,有明确的关系，一般来说,内能或热或功的变化,易于计算。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

Or I could have a non-adiabatic, I could take the same temperature change, by taking a flame, or a heat source and heating up my substance. So, clearly q is going to depend on the path.

也能改变温度，绝热指的是没有热传递，在非绝热条件下，也同样可以升温,比如用火或者热源加热，这样，q也应当与路径有关。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选