He argued that monotheism and polytheism are so radically distinct that one could not possibly have evolved from the other.

他认为一神论和多神论是截然不同的,不可能是一个由另一个进化而来。

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It might be darkness. It might be spirit. Or in ancient Greek religion, a more sort of philosophical polytheism, it might be fate.

它可以是黑暗，也可以是一种精神，在古希腊的一个，偏向于哲学上多神论的宗教中，它可以是命运。

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Polytheism is what we're talking about.

多神论是我们探讨的对象

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So a third way has emerged in the last 20 years, or 15 years or so, and it's one that seeks to avoid this dichotomy between polytheism and monotheism.

因此出现了第三种解释，在过去20年或15年间，它试图避免,将多神论和一神论一分为二。

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So, which is it, which is part of the question that came from over here, You have on the one hand the claim that Israelite religion is essentially continuous with Ancient Near Eastern polytheism.

刚才那个男生问的是什么问题？,一方面，有人说以色列宗教从本质上,和古近东的多神论是一脉相承的。

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Polytheism was understood as clearly inferior and primitive.

多神论被普遍认为是落后原始的。

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Well, so far we've had two models that have been thrown out to you: From polytheism's worship of many gods there's a natural evolution to henotheism's elevation of one god to a supreme position.

目前，我已经给你们提出了两种模型：,从崇拜众多神灵的多神论,自然进化到一神论,唯一的至高无上的神。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选