Can those be transferred or translated in some way to public justice, to political justice, ? justice in the polis?
那些是否可以用某种方法转换,或转移到公共正义,政治正义,或城邦正义?
why political institutions are the way they are,
为什么政治体制是这样的方式,
We have in Plato's own words here, the way he viewed politics and his reasons for his political philosophy.
我看到了柏拉图自述,他对政治的观点,以及他对自己政治哲学的理解。
but once I could see that ethics and political philosophy really could make a difference to the way we live our lives.
但是当我看到,伦理学和政治哲学,的确可以改变我们的生活方式时。
That's kind of political history; it's kind of absurd but that's the way it is.
这是出于政治历史的原因;,可能有点荒唐,但就是这样的。
In this way, for the first time, political life really was invented.
如此一来,政治生活的概念,第一次被提出
But when you look at the experience of Britain and the Dutch Republic, they do share things that, in a way, determine the kind of political economy that they would have.
但当你反观英国和荷兰共和国历史时,会发现他们都有一些共同点,在某种程度上,这些特点,决定了他们所具有的政治经济的类型
Political philosophy, for the most part, hasn't worked that way.
因为绝大多数情况下,政治哲学,并不是那样的。
In other words, it insists on the need to balance opinions, to balance viewpoints, and to balance needs, precisely in a way which is, of course, implicitly a kind of social and political centrism.
实际上它也是,要协调观点,协调需求,通过一种,社会和政治集中的方式。
He is not a kind of socio-biologist of politics, although he sometimes appears this way when he says that man is a political animal.
他并不是一种政治学的社会生物学家,但他有时的确显得像,尤其是当他说到人类是政治动物时。
You might say that the best way to learn what political philosophy is is simply to study and read the works of those ! who have shaped the field--yes right?
你们可能会认为,学习政治哲学最好的方式,只要研读那些,形塑这个领域的著作就好了,没错吧?
So the great political thinkers were typically engaged in the politics of their times and help in that way to provide us okay with models for how we might think about ours.
所以伟大的思想家,总会涉及他们当代的政治,并以此帮忙想出一些模式,让我们可以自省。
To be a political animal means first to possess speech or reason that allows us to participate in a community or a way of life governed by shared standards of justice and injustice.
要成为政治动物的首要,是拥有演说或理性的能力,以让我们参与社群,或由共享公正,与不公标准所统治的生活方式。
For thinkers like Tocqueville for example regimes are embedded in the deep structures of human history that have determined over long centuries the shape of our political institutions and the way we think about them.
举例来说,对于像托克维尔之类的思想家而言,政体内嵌于人类历史的结构深处,许多世纪以来决定了,我们政治机构的形态,及我们对它们的看法。
All of this in a way is another way of saying or at least implying okay that political philosophy is an imminently practical discipline a practical field.
也就是说,无论从哪个层面来看,或隐指,政治哲学都是一门,迫切相关于实用的学科,一块实用的研究领域。
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