Hess' Law states that for any chemical reaction, the energy change is path independent.

盖斯定律表明，对于任意化学反应，能量变化并非是路径依赖的。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选

So, what made you change your career path?

是什么促使你改变了你的职业道路呢？

换专业的理由 - SpeakingMax英语口语达人

I could change my external pressure through the whole process, and that's the path.

事实上外界压强,也不必固定。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

The sum of path number 2 and path number 3 get me to the same place, so the energy change by going through this time path, this intermediate point here back all the way to final state should be the same the red path.

而经过路径2和3可以3,到达同样的末态，因此经过路径,2和3带来的能量的变化，与路径1带来的,能量变化相同。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选

So path number 1 went from i, f let's call this path up here. went to f, and this is how much energy change there was.

从i出发，经过路径1到达，能量的变化是这么多。

麻省理工公开课 - 热力学与动力学课程节选