There are proteins, for example, on the surface of some cells that bind insulin and respond to the presence of insulin.

比如说蛋白,有些细胞表面上的蛋白,捕获胰岛素并且对胰岛素进行应答

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

When God began this process of creating the heaven and the earth, And the earth was unformed and void, And his wind was on the surface of the deep and so on, He said, "Let there be light and there was light."

当上帝开始开创天地的过程，大地一片混沌，虚空无形，他的呼吸掠过这混沌的表面，他说，“要有光，于是便有了光“

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选

It turns out that one of the places that's been very fruitful to look for proteins that differ between cell populations is on the surface of the cell.

而事实证明,寻找能鉴别细胞种类的,特定蛋白的最佳位置,是在富含蛋白的细胞膜上

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

And the myth has to do with these sort of pictures I was just describing where we don't actually live on the surface of the Earth of in the light, but rather live in certain hollows in the dark where we're mistaken about the nature of reality.

那个传说与我一直形容的,这个大局有关,我们并不真正生活在地表,生活在阳光里,而是生活在某种暗无天日的黑洞中,一个我们都误解了现实本质的地方

耶鲁公开课 - 死亡课程节选

So, when you divide by m, m cancels and everything falls at the same rate on the surface of the Earth.

因此,当等号两边除以 m 时,m 被消去了,在地球表面的所有物体,都以相同的加速度下落

耶鲁公开课 - 基础物理课程节选

That was the eventual message that I got, but it was sort of, it was not on the surface, it was not obvious, because the story, the two movies were sort of sad... ? Anybody want to say something about it?

这就是我得到的最本质的信息，但因为这两部电影都有些伤感，以致这些信息都是隐晦的，不是一眼能看出来的。,还有人想对此说些什么吗？

麻省理工公开课 - 电影哲学课程节选

So, it doesn't need to bind to a receptor on the surface of the cell in order to work because the molecule can actually enter the cell directly.

所以无需与细胞表面受体相结合来起效,因为这些分子能直接进入细胞

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

It turns out the electrical potential or electricity that you can measure on the surface of the body reflects things that are happening deeper inside like the beating of your heart.

人们已经证明在体表测量得到的电势能,或者电信号,能够表征,像心跳这样,身体较深处的变化

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

Rather than by forming an image or a picture you put electrodes on the surface of the body and measure the electrical potential as a function of position on the body.

它并不对人进行直接的造影,而是将电极放到身体表面,通过测量该位置电势能,表征该部位的生理状态

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

So, they developed this bifurcated tool, which would be appl--you'd put the stuff on the surface of the tool and then you'd scratch the skin in a certain way so that you could produce sort of a reproducible introduction of the vaccine into the skin.

所以他们发明了一种分为两叉的工具,把疫苗抹在这种工具表面上,然后以某种方式在皮肤上刮,这样就能将疫苗,重复不断地引入到皮下

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

They might ingest extracellular antigen, presented pieces of it on their cell surface in the context of MHC-2.

它们可以吞噬胞外抗原,根据细胞表面的,主要组织相容性抗原-2

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The one that's on the top here is called ligand-gated ion channel and an ion channel is a protein that sits in the surface of a cell.

最上面的这个叫作配体门控离子通道,离子通道是一类位于细胞表面的蛋白

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

For now, just know that different kinds of cells, one of the ways they're different is that they express different proteins and the population of proteins on the surface of different cells is different.

现在,你们只要知道有不同的细胞,它们之间的一种区别,就是它们表达不同的蛋白,而不同细胞表面的蛋白种类,也是不同的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

These are very deep lesions that go not just on the surface of your skin like a blister would, but down into the dermis or deeper layers of the skins, as well.

这些伤非常深,它们不仅像水泡那样存在于皮肤表面,还深入到真皮层或者皮下更深的地方

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

They also allow their populations of proteins on the surface of each cell that allow it to interact with its environment, they're receptors and cell adhesion receptors like I talked about last time.

它们同时也使得,这些细胞表面的蛋白质群,使得细胞能够和周围环境进行互动,它们是受体和细胞粘附受体,我上次也说过的

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选

The kinds of proteins that sit on a cell surface and form adhesion junctions with neighboring cells, that's one class of cells on the surface.

这些蛋白位于细胞表面,和相邻的细胞建立粘附链接,这是细胞的一个种类

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选